Ga'aton

Ga'aton
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Ga'aton
Coordinates:
Grid position	168/269 PAL
Council	Mateh Asher
Region	Western Galilee
Affiliation	Kibbutz Movement
Founded	1948
Founded by	"May 1st" group members

Ga'aton (Hebrew: גַּעְתּוֹן‎) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the western Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 409.

File:PikiWiki Israel 4376 Jewish holidays.jpg

First wedding at Ga'aton: Six couples married in the communal kitchen, c. 1940

Name

The name Ga'aton is taken from the Ga'aton River that passes nearby and flows through Nahariya into the Mediterranean Sea.

Ga'aton, in the past transliterated as Gaathon, is also the name of a biblical town in the allotment of Asher, located at one of the ancient tells (mounds) near the kibbutz. The tell known as Horbat Ga'aton ("ruins of Ga'aton"; from Arabic Khirbat Ja'tun; see Hebrew article at he) northwest of the kibbutz and near the Ga'aton River is one candidate, and there are other tells in the vicinity with remains from the time of the Hebrew Bible. Most English translations of the Hebrew Bible offer the name Gaash (2 Samuel 23:30); in the Latin of the Vulgate it is Gaas.

History

Byzantine period

Ceramic remains found here were dated to the 5th to 7th century CE.

In 1283 it was part of the Crusader states, as it was mentioned as part of their domain in the hudna between the Crusaders based in Acre and the Mamluk sultan Qalawun.

Ottoman period

Incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, Ja'tun appeared in the census of 1596, located in the Nahiya of Acca of the Liwa of Safad. The population was 11 households, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, fruit trees, cotton, goats and beehives; in addition to grasslands, occasional revenues and a water mill, a total of 3000 Akçe.

In 1875, Victor Guérin found the village tho have 15 farmers and shepherds, however, in 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) found at Khurbet Jathun only heaps of stones and modern ruins, a few mills, and some well-dressed stones scattered about.

British Mandate period

The 1922 census of Palestine listed under "Ja'atun" a population of 19 Muslims.

Kibbutz Ga'aton was founded by members of the "May 1st" gar'in of immigrants from Hungary. The group, which was affiliated with the left-wing Hashomer Hatzair movement and took its name from the International Workers' Day, did its pioneering training at Kibbutz Eilon on the Lebanese border, and on October 8, 1948, founded its own kibbutz, which was at first named "May 1st" and later renamed "Ga'aton".

In 1945, the population of Ga'aton was 140, all Jews. The land area was counted together with that of Shavei Tzion, Mazra’a and Ein Sara, and totalled 7,407 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.

According to Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, the kibbutz was established on land belonging to Khirbat Jiddin, the Arabic name of a ruined castle used by the al-Suwaytat Bedouin tribe and listed by Khalidi as a depopulated Palestinian village.

Dance company

Kibbutz Ga'aton is the home of the Kibbutz Contemporary Dance Company (KCDC). The company's dance groups participate in some 200 performances a year in Israel and overseas.

Economy

One of the kibbutz industries is Yamaton Ltd., a joint venture with Kibbutz Ein Hamifratz. The company produces honeycomb paper products.

Notable residents

• Shmuel Katz (1926 – 2010) - artist, illustrator and cartoonist

External links

• Survey of Western Palestine, Map 3: IAA, Wikimedia commons