General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the more abstract MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI and GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).
General requirements
- Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
- MIDI Channels: 16
- Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
- Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)
Parameters
Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains full GM sound set.
Melodic sounds
Piano
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 0 |
0 |
Acoustic Grand Piano |
| 1 |
Wide Acoustic Grand |
| 2 |
Dark Acoustic Grand |
| 3 |
Tine Acoustic Grand |
| 4 |
Acoustic KSP Piano |
| 5 |
Piano Strings |
| 6 |
Dream |
| 1 |
0 |
Bright Acoustic Piano |
| 1 |
Wide Bright Acoustic |
| 2 |
Brite + Grand |
| 3 |
Brite KSP |
| 2 |
0 |
Electric Piano |
| 1 |
CP 80 |
| 2 |
Radio Piano |
| 3 |
Claxia |
| 4 |
Electric KSP Piano |
| 5 |
Detuned CP 80 |
| 3 |
0 |
Broken Pub Piano |
| 1 |
Wide Broken Pub |
| 2 |
Tine Pub |
| 3 |
Pub KSP |
| 4 |
0 |
Tine Electric Piano |
| 1 |
Detuned Electric Piano 1 |
| 2 |
Electric Piano 1 Variation |
| 3 |
60's Electric Piano |
| 4 |
Cool Galaxy |
| 5 |
Tine KSP |
| 6 |
Hyper Tine |
| 5 |
0 |
Synth Electric Piano |
| 1 |
Detuned Electric Piano 2 |
| 2 |
Electric Piano 2 Variation |
| 3 |
Electric Piano Legend |
| 4 |
Electric Piano Phase |
| 5 |
Small Piano Variation Phase |
| 6 |
Synth + Analog Phase |
| 7 |
Synth KSP |
| 8 |
Venus E.P |
| 6 |
0 |
Harpsichord |
| 1 |
Coupled Harpsichord |
| 2 |
Wide Harpsichord |
| 3 |
Open Harpsichord |
| 4 |
Farxiga |
| 5 |
Harpsichord 2 |
| 6 |
Harpsichord KSP |
| 7 |
0 |
Clavinet |
| 1 |
Pulse Clavinet |
| 2 |
Harpsichord + Clavinet |
| 3 |
Solarize |
| 4 |
Clavinet KSP |
Chromatic Percussion
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 8 |
0 |
Celesta |
| 1 |
Celesta 2 |
| 2 |
Celestial |
| 9 |
0 |
Glockenspiel |
| 1 |
Tinespiel |
| 2 |
Kids Percussion |
| 10 |
0 |
Music Box |
| 1 |
Orgel |
| 11 |
0 |
Vibraphone |
| 1 |
Wet Vibraphone |
| 2 |
Jazz Rtm |
| 3 |
Vibes KSP |
| 12 |
0 |
Marimba |
| 1 |
Wide Marimba |
| 2 |
Africa |
| 3 |
Marimba KSP |
| 4 |
Sine Marimba |
| 5 |
Balimba |
| 6 |
Log Drum |
| 13 |
0 |
Xylophone |
| 1 |
Xylophone 2 |
| 14 |
0 |
Tubular Bell |
| 1 |
Church Bell |
| 2 |
Carillon |
| 3 |
Orient Bell |
| 4 |
Small Bell |
| 5 |
Ringing Clock |
| 6 |
Cosmic |
| 7 |
Wine Glass |
| 15 |
0 |
Dulcimer |
| 1 |
Applichan Dulcimer |
| 2 |
Hammered Dulcimer |
| 3 |
Cimbalom |
| 4 |
Santur |
Organ
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 16 |
0 |
Tonewheel Organ |
| 1 |
Detuned Organ 1 |
| 2 |
60's Organ 1 |
| 3 |
Organ 4 |
| 4 |
60's Organ 2 |
| 5 |
70's Organ 1 |
| 6 |
70's Organ 3 |
| 7 |
Calasthetic |
| 8 |
Jazz Organ |
| 9 |
Organ Base |
| 10 |
Cheez Combo |
| 11 |
70's Organ 2 |
| 12 |
Tonewheel 2 |
| 17 |
0 |
Percussive Organ |
| 1 |
Detuned Organ 2 |
| 2 |
Organ 5 |
| 3 |
Lite Organ |
| 4 |
Percussive Organ 2 |
| 5 |
Voice Organ |
| 18 |
0 |
Rock Organ |
| 1 |
Rotary Organ |
| 2 |
Slow Rotary |
| 3 |
Fast Rotary |
| 4 |
Purple Organ |
| 19 |
0 |
Church Organ 1 |
| 1 |
Church Organ 2 |
| 2 |
Church Organ 3 |
| 3 |
Notre Dame |
| 4 |
Organ Flute |
| 5 |
Tremolo Organ Flute |
| 6 |
Chapel |
| 20 |
0 |
Reed Organ |
| 1 |
Puff Organ |
| 21 |
0 |
French Accordion |
| 1 |
Italian Accordion |
| 22 |
0 |
Harmonica |
| 1 |
Modern Harp |
| 23 |
0 |
Bandoneon |
Guitar
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 24 |
0 |
Nylon-String Guitar |
| 1 |
Ukulele |
| 2 |
Open Nylon Guitar |
| 3 |
Nylon Guitar 2 |
| 4 |
Velo Guitar Harmony |
| 25 |
0 |
Steel-String Guitar |
| 1 |
12-String Guitar |
| 2 |
Mandolin |
| 3 |
Steel + Body |
| 4 |
Nylon + Steel |
| 26 |
0 |
Jazz Guitar |
| 1 |
Hawaiian Guitar |
| 2 |
Jazz Amp |
| 27 |
0 |
Clean Electric Guitar |
| 1 |
Chorus Guitar |
| 2 |
Mid Tone Guitar |
| 28 |
0 |
Muted Electric Guitar |
| 1 |
Funk Guitar |
| 2 |
Funk Guitar 2 |
| 3 |
Jazz Man |
| 29 |
0 |
Overdriven Guitar |
| 1 |
Guitar Pinch |
| 30 |
0 |
Distortion Guitar |
| 1 |
Feedback Guitar |
| 2 |
Distortion Rtm Guitar |
| 31 |
0 |
Guitar Harmonics |
| 1 |
Guitar Feedback |
| 2 |
Guitar Harmonics 2 |
Bass
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 32 |
0 |
Acoustic Bass |
| 1 |
Jazz Rhythm |
| 2 |
VX Upright |
| 33 |
0 |
Electric Bass |
| 1 |
Finger Dark |
| 2 |
Bass Guitar EG |
| 3 |
Finger Slap |
| 4 |
Mode Bass |
| 34 |
0 |
Picked Bass |
| 1 |
Moded Pick |
| 2 |
Mute Pick Bass |
| 35 |
0 |
Fretless Bass |
| 1 |
Fretless 2 |
| 2 |
Fretless 3 |
| 3 |
Fretless 4 |
| 36 |
0 |
Slap Bass 1 |
| 1 |
Punch Theme |
| 37 |
0 |
Slap Bass 2 |
| 1 |
Velo Slap |
| 38 |
0 |
Synth Bass 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Bass 101 |
| 2 |
Synth Bass 3 |
| 3 |
Clavi Bass |
| 4 |
Hammer |
| 5 |
Techno Bass |
| 39 |
| 0 |
Synth Bass 2 |
| 1 |
Synth Bass 4 |
| 2 |
Rubber Bass |
| 3 |
Attack Pulse |
| 4 |
Mellow Synth Bass |
| 5 |
Sequenced Bass |
| 6 |
Click Bass |
| 7 |
Synth Bass 2 Dark |
| 8 |
Moduler Bass |
| 9 |
DX Bass |
Orchestra Solo
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 40 |
0 |
Violin |
| 1 |
Slow Violin |
| 41 |
0 |
Viola |
| 42 |
0 |
Cello |
| 1 |
Slow Cello |
| 43 |
0 |
Contrabass |
| 44 |
| 0 |
Tremolo Strings |
| 1 |
Slow Tremolo Strings |
| 2 |
Suspend Strings |
| 45 |
0 |
Pizzicato Strings |
| 46 |
0 |
Harp |
| 1 |
Yang Qin |
| 47 |
0 |
Timpani |
Orchestra Ensemble
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 48 |
0 |
Stereo String Ensemble |
| 1 |
Slow Strings |
| 2 |
60's Strings |
| 3 |
60 Orchestra |
| 4 |
Orchestra |
| 5 |
Orchestra 2 |
| 6 |
Velo Strings |
| 49 |
0 |
Mono String Ensemble |
| 1 |
Stereo Slow Strings |
| 2 |
Legato Strings |
| 3 |
Warm Strings |
| 4 |
Kingdom |
| 5 |
Staccato Strings |
| 6 |
Chrome |
| 50 |
0 |
Synth Strings 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Strings 3 |
| 51 |
0 |
Synth Strings 2 |
| 1 |
Synth Strings 4 |
| 52 |
0 |
Choir Aah |
| 1 |
Choir Aah 2 |
| 2 |
Stereo Choir |
| 3 |
Mellow Choir |
| 4 |
Losers Aah |
| 53 |
0 |
Voice Doo |
| 1 |
Humming |
| 54 |
0 |
Synth Voice |
| 1 |
Synth Voice 2 |
| 2 |
Choral |
| 3 |
Analog Voice |
| 55 |
0 |
Orchestra Hit |
| 1 |
Bass Hit |
| 2 |
6th Hit |
| 3 |
Euro Hit |
| 4 |
Orchestra Hit 2 |
| 5 |
Impact |
Brass
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 56 |
0 |
Trumpet |
| 1 |
Dark Trumpet |
| 2 |
Warm Trumpet |
| 3 |
Sweet Trumpet |
| 57 |
0 |
Trombone |
| 1 |
Trombone 2 |
| 2 |
Bright Trombone |
| 58 |
0 |
Tuba |
| 1 |
Wet Willy |
| 59 |
0 |
Muted Trumpet |
| 1 |
Muted Trumpet 2 |
| 60 |
0 |
French Horns |
| 1 |
French Horn 2 |
| 2 |
Solo Horn |
| 3 |
Horn Orchestra |
| 61 |
0 |
Brass Section 1 |
| 1 |
Brass Section 2 |
| 2 |
Big Band Brass |
| 62 |
0 |
Synth Brass 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Brass 3 |
| 2 |
Analog Brass 1 |
| 3 |
Jump Brass |
| 4 |
Rezzo Synth Brass |
| 63 |
0 |
Synth Brass 2 |
| 1 |
Synth Brass 4 |
| 2 |
Analog Brass 2 |
| 3 |
Soft Brass |
| 4 |
Choir Brass |
Reed
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 64 |
0 |
Soprano Sax |
| 1 |
Sweet Soprano |
| 65 |
0 |
Alto Sax |
| 1 |
Breathy Alto Sax |
| 2 |
Sax Section |
| 66 |
0 |
Tenor Sax |
| 1 |
Breathy Tenor Sax |
| 2 |
Sweet Tenor |
| 67 |
0 |
Baritone Sax |
| 1 |
Contrabass Sax |
| 68 |
0 |
Oboe |
| 1 |
Solo Oboe |
| 69 |
0 |
English Horn |
| 1 |
Fails |
| 70 |
0 |
Bassoon |
| 1 |
Contrabassoon |
| 71 |
0 |
Clarinet |
| 1 |
Bass Clarinet |
Wind
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 72 |
0 |
Piccolo |
| 1 |
Orange Flute |
| 73 |
0 |
Flute |
| 1 |
Pure Flute |
| 2 |
Sweet Flute |
| 74 |
0 |
Recorder |
| 1 |
Piano Horn |
| 75 |
0 |
Pan Flute |
| 1 |
Warp Whistle |
| 2 |
Sweet Pan |
| 76 |
0 |
Plastic Bottle Blow |
| 1 |
Glass Bottle Blow |
| 77 |
0 |
Shakuhachi |
| 1 |
India |
| 78 |
0 |
Irish Tin Whistle |
| 1 |
Mouth Whistle |
| 79 |
0 |
Ocarina |
| 1 |
Synth Flute |
Synth Lead
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 80 |
0 |
Square Lead |
| 1 |
Square Lead 2 |
| 2 |
LM Square |
| 3 |
Hollow |
| 4 |
Shroud |
| 5 |
Mellow |
| 6 |
Solo Sine |
| 7 |
Sine Lead |
| 81 |
0 |
Saw Lead |
| 1 |
Saw Lead 2 |
| 2 |
Thick Saw |
| 3 |
Dyna Saw |
| 4 |
Digi Saw |
| 5 |
Doctor Solo |
| 6 |
Natural Lead |
| 7 |
Sequenced Analog |
| 82 |
0 |
Synth Calliope |
| 1 |
Vent Lead |
| 2 |
Vent Synth |
| 3 |
Pure Lead |
| 83 |
0 |
Chiffer Lead |
| 1 |
Sequenced Lead |
| 84 |
0 |
Charang |
| 1 |
Wire Lead |
| 2 |
Distortion Lead |
| 85 |
0 |
Solo Synth Vox |
| 86 |
0 |
5th Saw Wave |
| 1 |
Big Five |
| 87 |
0 |
Bass & Lead |
| 1 |
Delayed Lead |
| 2 |
Big & Low |
| 3 |
Little & High |
| 4 |
Fat & Perky |
| 5 |
Soft Whirl |
Synth Pad
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 88 |
0 |
Fantasia |
| 1 |
Fantasy |
| 89 |
0 |
Warm Pad |
| 1 |
Sine Pad |
| 90 |
0 |
Polysynth Pad |
| 1 |
Polymer |
| 91 |
0 |
Space Voice |
| 1 |
Itopia |
| 2 |
Square Pad |
| 92 |
0 |
Bowed Glass Pad |
| 1 |
Bell Pad |
| 93 |
0 |
Metal Pad |
| 1 |
Xenon Pad |
| 94 |
0 |
Halo Pad |
| 1 |
Halo Pad Variation |
| 2 |
Halo Pad Phase |
| 3 |
Halo Pad Legend |
| 4 |
Angels |
| 5 |
Equinox |
| 95 |
0 |
Sweep Pad |
| 1 |
Dark Moon |
Synth Sound FX
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 96 |
0 |
Ice Rain |
| 1 |
Clavi Pad |
| 2 |
Shanaaz |
| 3 |
African Wind |
| 4 |
Carib |
| 97 |
0 |
Soundtrack |
| 1 |
Prolouge |
| 2 |
Empilouge |
| 98 |
0 |
Stardust |
| 1 |
Synth Mallet |
| 2 |
Synth Drum Comp |
| 3 |
Popcorn |
| 4 |
Tiny Bell |
| 5 |
Rind Glock |
| 6 |
Glock Chime |
| 7 |
Clear Bell |
| 8 |
Choir Bell |
| 9 |
Soft Crystal |
| 10 |
Air Bells |
| 11 |
Bell Harp |
| 12 |
Gamelmba |
| 99 |
0 |
Atmosphere |
| 1 |
Warm Atmosphere |
| 2 |
Hollow Relics |
| 3 |
Nylon EP |
| 4 |
Nylon Harp |
| 5 |
Harp Vox |
| 6 |
Atmosphere Pad |
| 100 |
0 |
Brightness |
| 1 |
Bomb |
| 101 |
0 |
Goblin |
| 1 |
Goblin Synth |
| 2 |
Creeper |
| 3 |
Ritual |
| 4 |
To Heaven |
| 5 |
Night |
| 6 |
Glisten |
| 7 |
Bell Choir |
| 102 |
0 |
Echo Drops |
| 1 |
Echo Bell |
| 2 |
Echo Pan |
| 3 |
Poly Drop |
| 103 |
0 |
Star Theme |
| 1 |
Space Synth |
Ethnic
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 104 |
0 |
Sitar |
| 1 |
Sitar 2 |
| 2 |
Detuned Sitar |
| 3 |
Sitar Pad |
| 4 |
Tamboura |
| 105 |
0 |
Banjo |
| 1 |
Mute Banjo |
| 2 |
Zheng |
| 3 |
Rabab |
| 4 |
Gopintch |
| 5 |
Oud |
| 106 |
0 |
Shamisen |
| 1 |
Tsugaru |
| 107 |
0 |
Koto |
| 1 |
Taisho Koto |
| 2 |
Kanoon |
| 3 |
Pi Pa |
| 108 |
0 |
Thumb Piano |
| 109 |
0 |
Bagpipe |
| 1 |
Sheng |
| 2 |
Sou Na |
| 110 |
0 |
Fiddle |
| 111 |
0 |
Shanai |
| 1 |
Di Zi |
Percussive
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 112 |
0 |
Tinkle Bell |
| 1 |
Bonang |
| 2 |
Altair |
| 3 |
Gamelan |
| 4 |
S. Gamelan |
| 5 |
Rama Cymbal |
| 113 |
0 |
Agogo |
| 1 |
Tine Bell |
| 114 |
0 |
Steel Drums |
| 1 |
Glass Percussion |
| 2 |
Thai Bells |
| 115 |
0 |
Woodblock |
| 1 |
Castanets |
| 116 |
0 |
Taiko |
| 1 |
Concert Bass Drum |
| 2 |
Grand Cassandra |
| 117 |
0 |
Melodic Tom 1 |
| 1 |
Melodic Tom 2 |
| 2 |
Real Tom |
| 3 |
Rock Tom |
| 118 |
0 |
Synth Drum |
| 1 |
Analog Tom |
| 2 |
Electric Percussion |
| 119 |
0 |
Reverse Cymbal |
Sound Effect
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 120 |
0 |
Guitar Fret Noise |
| 1 |
Guitar Cut Noise |
| 2 |
String Slap |
| 3 |
Guitar Cut Noise 2 |
| 121 |
0 |
Breath Noise |
| 1 |
Flute Key Click |
| 122 |
0 |
Seashore |
| 1 |
Rain |
| 2 |
Thunder |
| 3 |
Wind |
| 4 |
Stream |
| 5 |
Bubble |
| 6 |
Feed |
| 123 |
0 |
Bird |
| 1 |
Dog |
| 2 |
Horse-Gallop |
| 3 |
Bird 2 |
| 4 |
Horse-Whinny |
| 5 |
Maou |
| 6 |
Cow |
| 7 |
Snake Hiss |
| 8 |
Chicken Cluck |
| 9 |
Rooster Crow |
| 124 |
0 |
Telephone 1 |
| 1 |
Telephone 2 |
| 2 |
Door Creaking |
| 3 |
Door Closing |
| 4 |
Scratch |
| 5 |
Wind Chimes |
| 6 |
Phone Call |
| 7 |
Scratch 2 |
| 8 |
Clock Tick |
| 125 |
0 |
Helicopter |
| 1 |
Car-Engine |
| 2 |
Car-Stop |
| 3 |
Car-Pass |
| 4 |
Car-Crash |
| 5 |
Siren |
| 6 |
Train |
| 7 |
Jetplane |
| 8 |
Starship |
| 9 |
Burst Noise |
| 10 |
Rollercoaster |
| 11 |
Submarine |
| 12 |
Boat |
| 126 |
0 |
Applause |
| 1 |
Laughing |
| 2 |
Screaming |
| 3 |
Punch |
| 4 |
Heart Beat |
| 5 |
Footsteps |
| 6 |
Slap |
| 7 |
Burping |
| 8 |
Farting |
| 127 |
0 |
Gun Shot |
| 1 |
Machine Gun |
| 2 |
Lasergun |
| 3 |
Minigun |
| 4 |
Bazooka |
| 5 |
Tank |
| 6 |
Explosion |
| 7 |
Firework |
Drum sounds
These are the same patch numbers as defined in the original version of GS. Drum bank is accessed by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 120 and cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to 0 and PC (Program Change) to select drum kit.
| 1 |
Standard Kit |
The only kit specified by General MIDI Level 1 |
| 9 |
Room Kit |
Drums recorded with room ambience |
| 17 |
Power Kit |
More powerful kick and snare sounds |
| 25 |
Electronic Kit |
Sounds of various electronic drums |
| 26 |
TR-808 Kit |
Analog drum kit similar to Roland TR-808 |
| 33 |
Jazz Kit |
Softer kick and snare sounds than the Standard Kit |
| 41 |
Brush Kit |
Many brush sounds added |
| 49 |
Orchestra Kit |
A collection of concert drums and timpani |
| 57 |
Sound FX Kit |
A collection of sound effects |
Additional percussion notes
These are the same GS drum notes and span Drum Kits 1 to 49:
Column-generating template families
The templates listed here are not interchangeable. For example, using {{col-float}} with {{col-end}} instead of {{col-float-end}} would leave a HTML "div" (division) open, potentially harming any subsequent formatting.
Can template handle the basic wiki markup {| | || |- |} used to create tables? If not, special templates that produce these elements (such as {{(!}}, {{!}}, {{!!}}, {{!-}}, {{!)}})—or HTML tags (<table>...</table>, <tr>...</tr>, etc.)—need to be used instead.
Supported Control Change messages
(Some messages are optional)
- Bank Select (cc#0/32)
- Modulation Depth (cc#1)
- Portamento Time (cc#5)
- Channel Volume (cc#7)
- Pan (cc#10)
- Expression (cc#11)
- Hold1 (Damper) (cc#64)
- Portamento ON/OFF (cc#65)
- Sostenuto (cc#66)
- Soft (cc#67)
- Filter Resonance (Timbre/Harmonic Intensity) (cc#71)
- Release Time (cc#72)
- Attack Time (cc#73)
- Brightness (cc#74)
- Decay Time (cc#75) (new message)
- Vibrato Rate (cc#76) (new message)
- Vibrato Depth (cc#77) (new message)
- Vibrato Delay (cc#78) (new message)
- Reverb Send Level (cc#91)
- Chorus Send Level (cc#93)
- Data Entry (cc#6/38)
- RPN LSB/MSB (cc#100/101)
Supported Registered Parameter Numbers (RPNs)
- Pitch Bend Sensitivity
- Channel Fine Tune
- Channel Coarse Tune
- Modulation Depth Range (Vibrato Depth Range)
- RPN NULL
Supported Universal System Exclusive (SysEx) messages
- Master Volume
- Master Fine Tuning
- Master Coarse Tuning
- Reverb Type
- Reverb Time
- Chorus Type
- Chorus Mod Rate
- Chorus Mod Depth
- Chorus Feedback
- Chorus Send to Reverb
- Controller Destination Setting
- Scale/Octave Tuning Adjust
- Key-Based Instrument Controllers
- GM2 System On
- Sustain
See also
References
External links
