JNR Class EF81
![]() JR Freight EF81 87, August 2007
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The Class EF81 is a Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement multi-voltage AC/DC electric locomotive type operated on passenger and freight services in Japan since 1968.[2]
Contents
Variants
- EF81-0: Numbers EF81 1 – 152, built 1968–1979
- EF81-300: Numbers EF81 301 – 304, built 1973–1975
- EF81-400: Numbers EF81 401 – 414
- EF81-450: Numbers EF81 451 – 455, built 1991–1992
- EF81-500: Numbers EF81 501 – 503, built 1989
- EF81-600: Former EF81-0 locomotives renumbered by JR Freight from May 2012
EF81-0
152 locomotives were built from 1968 to 1979 in three batches and numbered EF81 1 to EF81 152.[2] 14 EF81-0 locomotives were later modified to become Class EF81-400.[2] The prototype locomotive, EF81 1, was built by Hitachi, and delivered in 1968.[1] Locomotives EF81 137 onward were built with sun-visor plates above the cab windows.[3] These were also subsequently retro-fitted to locomotives EF81 133 to 136.[3]
The prototype, EF81 1, was withdrawn on 31 March 2004.[2]
From May 2012, JR Freight locomotives not fitted with driving recording units mandated for operations over 100 km/h (60 mph) were renumbered by adding "600" to the running number to differentiate them from the other members of the sub-class fitted.[3]
EF81-300
Four locomotives were built between 1973 and 1975 by Hitachi with unpainted corrugated stainless steel bodies for use on services through the undersea Kanmon Tunnel to Kyushu.[2] In 1978, locomotives EF81 301 and 302 were transferred to the Joban Line in 1978, and received the standard JNR AC/DC livery of pale red.[1]
EF81-400
14 locomotives were built in 1986 and 1987 and to replace ageing Class EF30 hauling services through the Kanmon Tunnel.[2] Although some locomotives operating on a few "Blue Train" services served some railway lines in Kyushu, in particular sections of the Kagoshima Main Line and the Nippō Main Line as well as the entire Nagasaki Main Line.
Locomotives EF81 409 to 414 were withdrawn between March 1996 and December 2010.[4]
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EF81 414 on an Asakaze service, July 1991
EF81-450
Five locomotives built in 1991 and 1992 for use hauling freight services through the Kanmon Tunnel. Locomotives EF81 451 and 452 have modern-style headlight clusters.[1]
EF81-500
Three locomotives, EF81 501 to 503, were built by Hitachi in 1989 for JR Freight for use on freight services along the Sea of Japan coastal route.[2]
EF81-600
There are former Class EF81-0 locomotives renumbered from May 2012 by JR Freight to differentiate them from locomotives fitted with driving recording units mandated for operations over 100 km/h (60 mph).[3]
Livery variations
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JR West EF81 103 in Twilight Express livery, February 2011
In August 2014, JR East Tabata-based locomotive EF81 81 was repainted into a JNR-period imperial train locomotive livery, consisting of "rose pink" (Red No. 13) with silver bodyside stripe.[5]
Preserved examples
As of April 2016[update], three members of the class are preserved.
- EF81 10: Preserved at the Hakuba Mini Train Park in Hakuba, Nagano (front section only).[6]
- EF81 63: Kept at JR Freight's training centre in Shinagawa, Tokyo. (Not on public display)[6]
- EF81 103: Preserved at the Kyoto Railway Museum in Twilight Express green livery.[7]
See also
References
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- Pages with reference errors
- Articles that mention track gauge 1067 mm
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- 1500 V DC locomotives
- 20 kV AC locomotives
- Electric locomotives of Japan
- Japan Freight Railway Company
- East Japan Railway Company
- West Japan Railway Company
- Kyushu Railway Company
- Bo-Bo-Bo locomotives
- 1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan
- Railway locomotives introduced in 1968
- Hitachi locomotives
- Mitsubishi locomotives
- Multi-system locomotives