Lilium superbum
| Turk's cap lily | |
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| Lilium superbum in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina | |
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L. superbum
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| Binomial name | |
| Lilium superbum L. 1753 not Thunb. 1784
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Lilium superbum is a species of true lily native to the eastern and central regions of North America.[2][3][4] Common names include Turk's cap lily,[2] turban lily, swamp lily,[5] lily royal,[5] or American tiger lily.[3] The native range of the species extends from New Hampshire south to the Florida Panhandle and west to Missouri and Arkansas.[2][6]
Contents
Description
Lilium superbum grows from 3–7 feet (0.91–2.13 m) high with typically three to seven blooms, but exceptional specimens have been observed with up to 40 flowers on each stem.[3] It is capable of growing in wet conditions.[7] It is fairly variable in size, form, and color.[3] The color is known to range from a deep yellow to orange to a reddish-orange "flame" coloring with reddish petal tips.[3] The flowers have a green star at their center that can be used to distinguish L. superbum from the Asiatic "tigerlilies" that frequently escape from cultivation.[4]
Uses
The roots were a food source for Native Americans, and the flowers provide nectar for hummingbirds and larger insects.[8]
Status
It is listed as endangered in Florida and New Hampshire, threatened in Kentucky, and exploitably vulnerable in New York.[2]
Etymology
The common name is derived from the reflexed shape of the flower petals, which presumably resemble a type of hat worn by early Turkish people.[9]
References
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- ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 United States Department of Agriculture plants profile
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Connecticut Botanical Society
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ↑ Synge, Patrick M. Collins Guide to Bulbs. (1961)
- ↑ Illinois Wildflowers
- ↑ Lady Bird Johnson Wild Flower Center, University of Texas
