List of Emperors of Ethiopia
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The following is a list of Emperors of Ethiopia, from the founding of the Zagwe dynasty in the 9th/10th century until 1974, when the last Emperor from the Solomonic dynasty was deposed.
Kings of Aksum and Dʿmt are listed separately due to numerous gaps and large flexibility in chronology.
Contents
Emperors of Ethiopia
Names in italics indicate rulers who were usurpers or not widely recognized.
Ethiopian Empire
Zagwe dynasty
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mara Takla Haymanot <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Zagwe | ![]() |
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Tatadim <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Mara Takla Haymanot | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Jan Seyum <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Mara Takla Haymanot | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Germa Seyum <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Mara Takla Haymanot | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Yemrehana Krestos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Germa Seyum | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Kedus Harbe <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Jan Seyum | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Gebre Mesqel Lalibela <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1189 | 1229 | Son of Jan Seyum | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Na'akueto La'ab <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Kedus Harbe | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Yetbarak <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Son of Gebre Mesqel Lalibela | Zagwe | ![]() |
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Mairari <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Zagwe | ![]() |
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Harbai <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Zagwe | ![]() |
Solomonic dynasty
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yekuno Amlak <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Died 19 June 1285 | 10 August 1270 | 19 June 1285 | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Yagbe'u Seyon <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Died 1294 | 19 June 1285 | 1294 | Son of Yekuno Amlak | Solomonic | ![]() |
Senfa Ared IV <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1294 | 1295 | Son of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Hezba Asgad <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1295 | 1296 | Son of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Qedma Asgad <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1296 | 1297 | Son of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Jin Asgad <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1297 | 1298 | Son of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Saba Asgad <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1298 | 1299 | Son of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Wedem Arad <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1314 | 1299 | 1314 | Brother of Yagbe'u Seyon | Solomonic | ![]() |
Amda Seyon I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1344 | 1314 | 1344 | Son of Wedem Arad | Solomonic | ![]() |
Newaya Krestos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1372 | 1344 | 1372 | Son of Amda Seyon I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Newaya Maryam <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1382 | 1372 | 1382 | Son of Newaya Krestos | Solomonic | ![]() |
Dawit I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 6 October 1413 | 1382 | 6 October 1413 | Son of Newaya Krestos | Solomonic | ![]() |
Tewodros I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1414 | 1413 | 1414 | Son of Dawit I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Yeshaq I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1429 | 1414 | 1429 | Son of Dawit I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Andreyas <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1430 | 1429 | 1430 | Son of Yeshaq I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Takla Maryam <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1433 | 1430 | 1433 | Son of Yeshaq I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Sarwe Iyasus <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1433 | 1433 | 1433 | Son of Takla Maryam | Solomonic | ![]() |
Amda Iyasus <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1434 | 1433 | 1434 | Son of Takla Maryam | Solomonic | ![]() |
Zara Yaqob <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1399 – 26 August 1468 (aged 69) |
19/20 June 1434 | 26 August 1468 | Son of Dawit I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Baeda Maryam I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1448 – 8 November 1478 (aged 30) |
26 August 1468 | 8 November 1478 | Son of Zara Yaqob | Solomonic | ![]() |
Eskender <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 15 July 1471 –1478 | 7 May 1494 | Son of Baeda Maryam I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Amda Seyon II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
c. 1487 – 26 October 1494 (aged c. 7) |
1494 | 26 October 1494 | Son of Eskender | Solomonic | ![]() |
Na'od <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 31 July 1508 | 1494 | 31 July 1508 | Son of Baeda Maryam I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Dawit II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1501 – 2 September 1540 (aged 39) |
1508 | 2 September 1540 | Son of Na'od | Solomonic | ![]() |
Gelawdewos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1521/1522 – 23 March 1559 (aged 38–37) |
3 September 1540 | 23 March 1559 | Son of Dawit II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Menas <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1 February 1563 | 1559 | 1 February 1563 | Son of Dawit II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Sarsa Dengel <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1550 – 4 October 1597 (aged 47) |
1563 | 4 October 1597 | Son of Menas | Solomonic | ![]() |
Yaqob <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
c. 1590 – 10 March 1606 | 1597 1604 |
1603 10 March 1606 |
Son of Sarsa Dengel | Solomonic | ![]() |
Za Dengel <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 24 October 1604 | 1603 | 24 October 1604 | Nephew of Sarsa Dengel | Solomonic | ![]() |
Gondarine line
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Susenyos I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1572 – 17 September 1632 (aged 60) |
1606 | 17 September 1632 | Grandson of Dawit II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Fasilides <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1603 – 18 October 1667 (aged 64) |
1632 | 18 October 1667 | Son of Susenyos I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Yohannes I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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c. 1640 – 19 July 1682 (aged c. 42) |
1667 | 19 July 1682 | Son of Fasilides | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyasu I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1654 – 13 October 1706 (aged 52) |
19 July 1682 | 13 October 1706 | Son of Yohannes I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Yeshaq Iyasu <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Died 1685 | 1685 | 1685 | Claimed to be grandson of Susenyos I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Tekle Haymanot I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 28 March 1684 –27 March 1706 | 30 June 1708 | Son of Iyasu I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Amda Seyon <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died September 1707 | September 1707 | September 1707 | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
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Tewoflos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 14 October 1711 | 1 July 1708 | 14 October 1711 | Son of Fasilides | Solomonic | ![]() |
Nebahne Yohannes <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1709 | July 1710 | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
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Yostos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1716 | 14 October 1711 | 19 February 1716 | Grandson of Iyasu I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Dawit III <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1695 – 18 May 1721 (aged 26) |
8 February 1716 | 18 May 1721 | Son of Iyasu I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Bakaffa <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 19 September 1730 | 18 May 1721 | 19 September 1730 | Son of Iyasu I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyasu II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 21 October 1723 –19 September 1730 | 27 June 1755 | Son of Bakaffa | Solomonic | ![]() |
Hezqeyas <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1736 | 1737 | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Iyoas I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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c. 1740 – 14 May 1769 (aged c. 29) |
27 June 1755 | 7 May 1769 | Son of Iyasu II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Zemene Mesafint (Age of the Princes)
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yohannes II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1699 – 18 October 1769 (aged 70) |
7 May 1769 | 18 October 1769 | Son of Iyasu I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Tekle Haymanot II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1754 – 7 September 1777 (aged 23) |
18 October 1769 December 1770 |
August 1770 13 April 1777 |
Son of Yohannes II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Susenyos II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died c. 1771 | August 1770 | December 1770 | Possibly the illegitimate son of Iyasu II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Salomon II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1782 | 13 April 1777 | 20 July 1779 | Son of Abeto Adigo | Solomonic | ![]() |
Tekle Giyorgis I <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
c. 1751 – 12 December 1817 (aged c. 66) |
20 July 1779 24 April 1788 January 1794 December 1795 4 January 1798 24 March 1800 |
8 February 1784 26 July 1789 15 April 1795 20 May 1796 20 May 1799 June 1800 |
Son of Yohannes II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyasu III <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Died by 1810 | 16 February 1784 | 24 April 1788 | Grandson of Iyasu II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyasu <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died May 1813 | 1787 | 1788 | In opposition to Iyasu III | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
Baeda Maryam <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1787 | 1788 | In opposition to Iyasu III | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
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Tekle Haymanot <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died before 1810 | February 1788 | 1789 | In opposition to Iyasu III | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
Hezqeyas <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 13 September 1813 | 26 July 1789 | January 1794 | Son of Iyasu III | Solomonic | ![]() |
Baeda Maryam II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1749 – 1833 (aged 84) |
15 April 1795 | December 1795 | Possibly son of Salomon II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Salomon III <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
20 May 1796 20 May 1799 |
15 July 1797 15 July 1799 |
Son of Tekle Haymanot II | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Yonas <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died May 1813 | 18 August 1797 | 4 January 1798 | Grandson of Fasilides | Solomonic | ![]() |
Demetros <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 1802 | 25 July 1799 June 1800 |
24 March 1800 June 1801 |
Son of Arqedewos | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
Egwale Seyon <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 12 June 1818 | June 1801 | 12 June 1818 | Son of Hezqeyas | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyoas II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Died 3 June 1821 | 14 June 1818 | 3 June 1821 | Son of Hezqeyas | Solomonic | ![]() |
Gigar <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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c. 1745 – 26 November 1832 (aged c. 87) |
3 June 1821 April 1826 |
April 1826 18 June 1830 |
Possibly son of Iyasu II | Possibly Solomonic | ![]() |
Baeda Maryam III <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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April 1826 | April 1826 | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
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Iyasu IV <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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18 June 1830 | 18 March 1832 | Son of Salomon III | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Gebre Krestos <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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18 March 1832 1832 |
1832 8 June 1832 |
Allegedly a descendant of Fasilides | Solomonic | ![]() |
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Sahle Dengel <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
1778 – 11 February 1855 (aged 77) |
1832 October 1832 October 1841 1845 1851 |
1832 29 August 1840 1845 1850 11 February 1855 |
Brother of Gebre Krestos | Solomonic | ![]() |
Egwale Anbesa <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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1832 | 1832 | Non-Dynastic | ![]() |
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Yohannes III <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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c. 1797 – c. 1873 (aged c. 76) |
30 August 1840 1845 1850 |
October 1841 1845 1851 |
Son of Tekle Giyorgis I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Tewodros dynasty
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tewodros II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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c. 1818 – 13 April 1855 (aged c. 47) |
11 February 1855 | 13 April 1868 | Son of Haile Giorgis Wolde Giorgis | Claimed the Solomonic lineage later in his reign | ![]() |
Zagwe dynasty
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tekle Giyorgis II <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Died 1873 | 11 June 1868 | 11 July 1871 | Son of Wagshum Gebre Medhin | Claimed the Zagwe lineage through his father[1] | ![]() |
Solomonic dynasty
Tigrean line
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yohannes IV <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 11 July 1837 –11 July 1871 | 10 March 1889 | Son of Dejazmatch Mercha | Solomonic | ![]() |
Shewan line
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Menelik II[2] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 17 August 1844 –10 March 1889 | 12 December 1913 | Son of Negus Haile Melekot | Solomonic | ![]() |
Iyasu V[3] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 4 February 1895 –12 December 1913 | 27 September 1916 | Grandson of Menelik II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Zewditu I[4] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
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Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 29 April 1876 –27 September 1916 | 2 April 1930 | Daughter of Menelik II | Solomonic | ![]() |
Haile Selassie I (1st reign)[5] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 23 July 1892 –2 April 1930 | 2 May 1936 | Son of Ras Makonnen Wolde Mikael | Solomonic | ![]() |
Italian East Africa
House of Savoy
Emperor of Ethiopia:
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Victor Emmanuel III[6] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 11 November 1869 –9 May 1936 | 5 May 1941 | Son of Umberto I | Savoy | ![]() |
Governors-General of Italian East Africa:
<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino: 9 May 1936 – 11 June 1936
- Rodolfo Graziani, 1st Marquis of Neghelli: 11 June 1936 – 21 December 1937
- Prince Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta: 21 December 1937 – 19 May 1941
- Pietro Gazzera (acting): 23 May 1941 – 6 July 1941
- Guglielmo Nasi (acting): 6 July 1941 – 27 November 1941
Restored Ethiopian Empire
Solomonic dynasty
Shewan line
Name |
Lifespan |
Reign start |
Reign end |
Notes |
Family |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haile Selassie I (2nd reign)[7] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 29 July 1892 –5 May 1941 | 12 September 1974 | Son of Ras Makonnen Wolde Mikael | Solomonic | ![]() |
Amha Selassie I[8] <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
|
Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. | 27 July 1916 –12 September 1974 | 21 March 1975 | Son of Haile Selassie I | Solomonic | ![]() |
Imperial Standard
See also
- Emperor of Ethiopia
- President of Ethiopia
- Prime Minister of Ethiopia
- Zera Yacob Amha Selassie
- Girma Yohannis Iyasu
- Crown Council of Ethiopia
Notes
- ↑ Also claimed the Solomonic lineage through his mother.
- ↑ Previously King of Shewa from 1855 to 1856, and from 1865 to 1889. Ruled under the regency of Ras Betwoded Tessema Nadew from 1909 to 1911 and Lij Iyasu from 1911 to 1913.
- ↑ Never officially crowned as Emperor. Deposed by nobility with the sanction of the Church.
- ↑ Ruled under the regency of Ras Tafari Makonnen (future Emperor Haile Selassie I).
- ↑ De facto ruler of the country as regent from 1916 to 1930. Crowned as King in 1928.
- ↑ Unrecognized only by the United States and Soviet Union in 1940. Renounced title in 1943.
- ↑ Briefly deposed during the 1960 coup attempt.
- ↑ Designated "King" (not Emperor) by the Derg while out of the country, did not take throne.