List of state leaders in the 9th century

See also: List of political entities in the 9th century

State leaders in the 8th century – State leaders in the 10th century – State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 9th century (801–900) AD.

Africa

• Barghawata –

• Ilyâs ibn Sâlih (792–842)

• Idrisid dynasty –

• Idris II (791–828)

• Kingdom of Makuria (complete list) –

• Mikhael, King (c.785/794–804/813)
• Ioannes, King (early–mid 9th century)
• Zakharias III, King (mid 9th century)
• Georgios I of Makuria, King (mid 9th century)

• Kingdom of Nekor –

• Sa'id I ibn Idris (760–803)

America: Mesoamerica

• Copán (complete list) –

• Yax Pasaj Chan Yopaat, King (763–post-810)
• Ukit Took, King (822)

• Palenque (complete list) –

• Janaab Pakal III, Ajaw (799–?)

• Tikal (complete list) –

• Nuun Ujol K'inich, Ajaw (c.800)
• Dark Sun, Ajaw (c.810)
• Jewel K'awiil, Ajaw (c.849)
• Jasaw Chan K'awiil II, Ajaw (c.869)

Asia

Asia: Central

• Tibet (complete list) –

• Sadnalegs, Emperor (800/804–815)
• Ralpacan, Emperor (815–836)
• Langdarma, Emperor (836–842)

Asia: East

China: Tang dynasty

• Tang dynasty (complete list) –

• Dezong, Emperor (780–805)
• Shunzong, Emperor (805)
• Xianzong, Emperor (806–820)
• Muzong, Emperor (821–824)
• Jingzong, Emperor (824–826)
• Wenzong, Emperor (826–840)
• Wuzong, Emperor (840–846)
• Xuānzong, Emperor (846–859)
• Yizong, Emperor (859–873)
• Xizong, Emperor (873–888)
• Zhaozong, Emperor (888–904)
• Ai, Emperor (904–907)

Japan

• Japan, Asuka period (complete list) –

• Kanmu, Emperor (781–806)
• Heizei, Emperor (806–809)
• Saga, Emperor (809–823)
• Junna, Emperor (823–833)
• Ninmyō, Emperor (833–850)
• Montoku, Emperor (850–858)
• Seiwa, Emperor (858–876)
• Yōzei, Emperor (876–884)
• Kōkō, Emperor (884–887)
• Uda, Emperor (887–897)
• Daigo, Emperor (897–930)

Korea: North–South States Period

• Balhae (complete list) –

• Gang, King (794–809)
• Jeong, King (809-812)
• Hui, King (812–817)
• Gan, King (817–818)
• Seon, King (818–830)
• Dae Ijin, King (830–857)
• Dae Geonhwang, King (857–871)
• Dae Hyeonseok, King (871–894)
• Dae Wihae, King (894–906)
• Dae Inseon, King (906–926)

• Later Silla (complete list) –

• Aejang, King (800–809)
• Heondeok, King (809–826)
• Heungdeok, King (826–836)
• Huigang, King (836–838)
• Minae, King (838–839)
• Sinmu, King (839)
• Munseong, King (839–857)
• Heonan, King (857–861)
• Gyeongmun, King (861–875)
• Heongang, King (875–886)
• Jeonggang, King (886–887)
• Jinseong, King (887–897)
• Hyogong, King (897–912)
• Sindeok, King (912–917)
• Gyeongmyeong, King (917–924)
• Gyeongae, King (924–927)
• Gyeongsun, King (927–935)

Asia: South

• Gurjara-Pratihara –

• Nagabhata II, King (800–833)
• Ramabhadra, King (833–836)
• Mihira Bhoja I, King (836–885)
• Mahendrapala I, King (885–910)
• Bhoja II, King (910–913)
• Mahipala I, King (913–944)
• Mahendrapala II, King (944–948)
• Devapala, King (948–954)
• Vinayakapala, King (954–955)
• Mahipala II, King (955–956)
• Vijayapala II, King (956–960)
• Rajapala, King (960–1018)

• Pallava Kingdom –

• The Pallava dynasty has two chronologies of rulers.
• Dantivarman, King (late 8th–early 9th century)
• Nandivarman III, King (mid 9th century)
• Nirupathungan, King (late 9th century, only in Aiyangar chronology)
• Aparajitavarman, King (882/879–897)

• Paramara dynasty of Malwa –

• Upendra (c.800–c.818)

• Rashtrakuta Empire –

• Govinda III (793–814)

Sri Lanka

• Anuradhapura Kingdom, Sri Lanka (complete list) –

• Mahinda II, King (787–807)
• Dappula II, King (807–812)
• Mahinda III, King (812–816)
• Aggabodhi VIII, King (816–827)
• Dappula III, King (827–843)
• Aggabodhi IX, King (843–846)
• Sena I, King (846–866)
• Sena II, King (866–901)

Asia: West

• Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad) – Harun al-Rashid (786–809)

• Ifriqiya – Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab ibn Salim, Emir of Ifriqiya (800–812)

Europe

Europe: Balkans

• First Bulgarian Empire (complete list) –

• Kardam, Khan (777–803)
• Krum, Khan (803–814)
• Omurtag, Khan (814–831)
• Malamir, Khan (831–836)
• Presian I, Khan (836–852)
• Boris I, Knyaz (852–889)
• Vladimir, Knyaz (889–893)
• Simeon I, Emperor (893–927)

• Byzantine Empire (complete list) –

• Irene

• Regent (780–790, 792–797)
• Empress (797–802)

• Nikephoros I, Emperor (802–811)
• Staurakios

• Co-Emperor (802–811)
• Emperor (811)

• Michael I Rangabe, Emperor (811–813)
• Theophylact (son of Michael I), Co-Emperor (811–813)
• Leo V the Armenian, Emperor (813–820)
• Constantine (Symbatios), Junior Emperor (813–820)

Europe: British Isles

Great Britain: Scotland

• Dál Riata (complete list) –

• Caustantín mac Fergusa, King (unknown)
• Conall mac Taidg, King (c.805–807)
• Conall mac Áedáin, King (c.807–811)
• Domnall mac Caustantín, King (c.811–835)
• Óengus II, King (unknown)
• Eóganán mac Óengusa, King (unknown)
• Áed mac Boanta, King (c.835–839)
• Alpín mac Echdach, King (unknown)
• Cináed mac Ailpín, King (unknown)
• Gofraid mac Fergusa, King (unknown)

• Picts (complete list) –

• Constantine (I), King (789–820)
• Óengus II, King (820–834)
• Drest IX, King (834–837)
• Eóganan, King (837–839)
• Uurad, competitor King (839–842)
• Bridei VI, competitor King (842–843)
• Ciniod II, competitor King (843)
• Bridei VII, competitor King (843–845)
• Drest X, competitor King (845–848)

• The Picts, traditionally The Scots (complete list) –

• Kenneth MacAlpin, King (843–858)
• Domnall mac Ailpí, or Donald I, King (858–862)
• Causantín mac Cináeda, or Constantine I (II), King (862–877)
• Áed mac Cináeda, King (877–878)
• Giric, King (878–889)
• Eochaid, disputed King (c.878–889)
• Donald II, King (889–900)
• Constantine II (III), King (900–943)

• Kingdom of Strathclyde / Alt Clut (complete list) –

• Cynan, King (798–816)
• Dumnagual IV, King (816–?)
• Constantine, King (? 859)
• Neithon, King (859–?)
• Artgal, King (?–872)
• Run, King (872–878)
• Eochaid, King (uncertain)
• Donald I, King (889–900)

Great Britain: Northumbria

• Kingdom of Northumbria (complete list) –

• Eardwulf, King (796–806/808)
• Ælfwald II, King (806/808–808/810)
• Eanred, King (810–841)
• Æthelred II, King (840/841–844, 858–862)
• Redwulf, King (844)
• Osberht, King (844–848/849, 867)
• Ælla II, King (862/863–867)

• Norse era Northumbria / Scandinavian York (complete list) –

• Ecgberht, King (867–872)
• Ricsige, King (872–876)
• Halfdan Ragnarsson, King (876–877)
• Interregnum
• Guthfrith I, King (c.883–895)
• Siefredus, King (c.895–900)
• Cnut, King (c.900–905)

Great Britain: England and Wales

• The Britons (complete list) –

• Cynan Dindaethwy, King (798–816)
• Merfyn Frych, King (825–844)
• Rhodri ap Merfyn, King (844–878)
• Anarawd ap Rhodri, King (878–916)

• Kingdom of East Anglia (complete list) –

• Cœnwulf, King (?–821), also King of Kent and of Mercia
• Ceolwulf, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of Mercia
• Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of Mercia
• Æthelstan, King (post-827–840s)
• Æthelweard, King (840s–854)
• Edmund the Martyr, King (855–869)
• Oswald, Sub-King (870s)
• Æthelred II, Sub-King (870s)
• Guthrum, King (879–890)
• Eohric, King (890–902)

• Kingdom of Essex (complete list) –

• Sigered

• King (798–812)
• Duke (812–825)

• Kingdom of Gwynedd (complete list) –

• Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri, King (c.798–816)
• Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog, King (814–825)

• Kingdom of Kent (complete list) –

• Cuthred, King (797/798–807)
• Coenwulf, King (fl. 809)
• Ceolwulf I, King (fl. 822–823)
• Baldred, King (?–825)
• Egbert, King (825–839)
• Æthelwulf, King (825–858)
• Æthelstan, King (fl. 839–851)
• Æthelberht, King (fl. 855–866)
• Æthelred, King (866–871)

• Mercia (complete list –

• Coenwulf, King (796–821), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
• Ceolwulf I, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
• Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of East Anglia
• Ludeca, King (826–827)
• Wiglaf, King (827–829, 830–839)
• Ecgberht, King (829–830)
• Wigmund, King (c.840)
• Ælfflæd, Regent (c.840)
• Beorhtwulf, King (840–852)
• Burgred, King (852–874)
• Ceolwulf II, King (874–c.879)
• Æthelred II, Lord (c.881–911)
• Æthelflæd, Lady (911–918)
• Ælfwynn, Lady (918)

• Kingdom of Powys (complete list) –

• Cadell ap Elisedd, King (773–808)
• Cyngen ap Cadell, King (808–854)
• Rhodri Mawr, King (854–878)
• Merfyn ap Rhodri, King (878–900)
• Llywelyn ap Merfyn, King (900–942)

• Kingdom of Wessex (complete list) –

• Beorhtric, King (786–802)
• Egbert, King (802–839)
• Æthelwulf, King (839–858)
• Æthelbald, King (858–860)
• Æthelberht, King (860–865)
• Æthelred, King (865–871)
• Alfred the Great, King (871–899)
• Edward the Elder, King (899–924)

Ireland

• Ireland (complete list) –

• Áed Oirdnide, High King (793–817)
• Conchobar mac Donnchada, High King (819–833)

• Kingdom of Ailech –

• Áed Oirdnide (788–819)

• Connachta (complete list) –

• Muirgius mac Tommaltaig, King (796–815)
• Diarmait mac Tommaltaig, King (815–833)
• Cathal mac Muirgiussa, King (833–839)
• Murchad mac Áedo, King (839-840)
• Fergus mac Fothaid, King (840-843)
• Conchobar mac Taidg Mór, King (872–882)
• Áed mac Conchobair, King (882–888)
• Tadg mac Conchobair, King (888–900)
• Cathal mac Conchobair, King (900–925)

• Leinster (complete list) –

• Fínsnechta Cethardec, King (795–808)
• Muiredach mac Brain (died 818), King (808–818)
• Muiredach mac Ruadrach, King (818–829)
• Cellach mac Brain, King (829–834)
• Bran mac Fáeláin, King (834–838)
• Túathal mac Máele-Brigte, King (851–854)
• Ruarc mac Brain, King (854–862)
• Muirecán mac Diarmata, King (862–863)
• Dúnlaing mac Muiredaig, King (863–869)
• Ailill mac Dúnlainge (died 871), King (869–871)
• Domnall mac Muirecáin, King (871–884)
• Muiredach mac Brain, King (884–885)
• Cerball mac Muirecáin, King (885–909)

• Kingdom of Mide –

• Muiredach mac Domnaill Midi (799–802)

• Uí Maine (complete list) –

• Dub Dá Leithe mac Tomaltach, King (?–816)
• Cathal mac Murchadh, King (794–816)
• Cathal mac Ailell, King (834–844)

• Ulaid / Ulster (complete list) –

• Eochaid mac Fiachnai, King (790-810)
• Cairell mac Fiachnai, King (810-819)
• Máel Bressail mac Ailillo, King (819-825)
• Muiredach mac Eochada, King (825-839)
• Matudán mac Muiredaig, King (839-857)
• Lethlobar mac Loingsig, King (857-873)
• Cathalán mac Indrechtaig, King (857-871)
• Ainbíth mac Áedo, King (873-882)
• Eochocán mac Áedo, King (882-883)
• Airemón mac Áedo, King (882-886)
• Fiachnae mac Ainbítha, King (886-886)
• Bécc mac Airemóin, King (886-893)
• Muiredach mac Eochocáin, King (893-895)
• Máel Mocheirge mac Indrechtaig, King (893-896)
• Aitíth mac Laigni, King (896-898)
• Cenn Etig mac Lethlobair, King (896-900)
• Áed mac Eochocáin, King (898-919)

Europe: Central

• Saxons –

• Widukind (743–807)

Europe: East

• Volga Bulgaria (complete list) –

• Tuqyi, ruler (765-815)
• Aidar, ruler (815-865)
• Şilki, Iltäbär (865-882)
• Batyr Mö'min, ruler (882-895)
• Almış, Emir (895-925)

• Lower Pannonia –

• Vojnomir (791–c. 810)

Europe: Nortic

• Sweden (complete list) –

• Björn Ironside, King (early 9th century)
• Erik Björnsson, King (early 9th century)
• Erik Refilsson, King (early 9th century)
• Anund Uppsale, King (early 9th century)
• Björn at Hauge, King (c.829–831)
• Olof I of Sweden, King (mid 9th century)
• Erik Anundsson, King (mid 9th century)

Europe: South

• Principality of Benevento –

• Grimoald III (787–806)

• Kingdom of Italy -

• Pepin, King of Italy (781–810)

• Papal States –

• Pope Leo III (795–816)

• Republic of Venice (complete list) –

• Giovanni Galbaio, Doge (787–804)
• Obelerio Antenoreo, Doge (804–811)
• Agnello Participazio, Doge (811–827)
• Giustiniano Participazio, Doge (827–829)
• Giovanni I Participazio, Doge (829–837)
• Pietro Tradonico, Doge (837–864)
• Orso I Participazio, Doge (864–881)
• Giovanni II Participazio, Doge (881–887)
• Pietro I Candiano, Doge (887–888)
• Pietro Tribuno, Doge (888–912)

Europe: Southwest

• Kingdom of Asturias –

• Alfonso II (791–842)

• Emirate of Córdoba –

• al-Hakam I (796–822)

Marca Hispanica

• County of Osona –

• Borrell (799–820)

• County of Cerdanya –

• Borrell (798–820)

• County of Urgell –

• Borrell (798–820)

Europe: West

Franks

• Frankish Empire (complete list) –
• Frankish Empire –

• Charlemagne (768–814) and Holy Roman Emperor (800–814)

• County of Toulouse –

• William of Gellone (790–811)

Eurasian Caucasus

• Arminiya (complete list) –

• Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, Emir (799–801)
• Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (801–802)
• Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (802–803)
• Khuzayma ibn Khazim, Emir (803–?)
• Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (c. 810)
• Ishaq ibn Sulayman, Emir (c. 813)
• Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (813–?)
• Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (828–832)
• Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (841)
• Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (c. 842–844)
• Muhammad ibn Khalid, Emir (c. 842/844–?)
• Abu Sa'id Muhammad al-Marwazi, Emir (849–851)
• Yusuf ibn Abi Sa'id al-Marwazi, Emir (851–852)
• Muhammad ibn Khalid, Emir (857–862)
• Ali ibn Yahya al-Armani, Emir (862–863)
• Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, Emir (870–878)

• Principality of Iberia –

• Ashot I Kurapalate (786–809)

• Principality of Kakheti –

• Grigol (786–827)