Louis Néel

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Louis Néel
Louis Neel 1970.jpg
Néel in 1970
Born Louis Eugène Félix Néel
(1904-11-22)22 November 1904
Lyon, France
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Brive-la-Gaillarde
Fields Solid-state physics
Institutions CNRS, Grenoble
Alma mater École Normale Supérieure and University of Strasbourg
Known for <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>
Notable awards <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/>

Louis Eugène Félix Néel ForMemRS (22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000) was a French physicist born in Lyon.[1] He studied at the Lycée du Parc in Lyon and was accepted at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He obtained the degree of Doctor of Science at the University of Strasbourg. He was corecipient (with the Swedish astrophysicist Hannes Alfvén) of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his pioneering studies of the magnetic properties of solids.[3] His contributions to solid state physics have found numerous useful applications, particularly in the development of improved computer memory units. About 1930 he suggested that a new form of magnetic behavior might exist; called antiferromagnetism, as opposed to ferromagnetism. Above a certain temperature (the Néel temperature) this behaviour stops. Néel pointed out (1947) that materials could also exist showing ferrimagnetism. Néel has also given an explanation of the weak magnetism of certain rocks, making possible the study of the history of Earth's magnetic field.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

He is the instigator of the Polygone Scientifique in Grenoble.

Awards and honours

Néel received numerous awards and honours for his work including:

Awards

  • Hughes Prize of the Académie des sciences (1935)
  • Félix Robin Prize of the Société française de physique (1938)
  • André Blondel Medal (1948)
  • Grand prix du conseil de l’association « Au service de la pensée française » (1949)
  • Holweck Prize (1952)
  • Prize of the Three Physicists (1963)
  • Gold Medal of CNRS (1965)
  • Elected Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1966[1]
  • Nobel Prize in Physics (1970)
  • Great Gold Medal of l’Électronique (1971)
  • Great Gold Medal of the Société d’encouragement pour la recherche et l’invention (1973)

Owing to his involvement in national defense, particularly through research in the protection of warships by demagnetization against magnetic mines, he received numerous distinctions:

  • Légion d'honneur:
    • Knight (for exceptional military services) (1940)
    • Officer (1951)
    • Commander(1958)
    • Grand Officier de la Légion d'honneur (1966)
    • Grand Cross (1974)
  • Croix de Guerre with Palms (1940)
  • Commander of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques (1957)
  • Knight of the Social Order of Merit (1963)
  • Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (1972)

The Louis Néel Medal - awarded annually by the European Geophysical Society is named in Néels honour.

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

Cite error: Invalid <references> tag; parameter "group" is allowed only.

Use <references />, or <references group="..." />

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Louis_Néel&oldid=172458"