Magic Johnson

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"Earvin Johnson" redirects here. For the NBA center, see Ervin Johnson.
Earvin "Magic" Johnson
Earvin "Magic" Johnson on '07.jpg
Johnson in 2007
Personal information
Born (1959-08-14) August 14, 1959 (age 65)
Lansing, Michigan
Nationality American
Listed height 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)
Listed weight 220 lb (100 kg)[1]
Career information
High school Everett (Lansing, Michigan)
College Michigan State (1977–1979)
NBA draft 1979 / Round: 1 / Pick: 1st overall
Selected by the Los Angeles Lakers
Playing career 1979–1991, 1996
Position Point guard / Power forward
Number 32
Career history
As player:
1979–1991,
1996		 Los Angeles Lakers
As coach:
1994 Los Angeles Lakers
Career highlights and awards
Career statistics
Points 17,707 (19.5 ppg)
Rebounds 6,559 (7.2 rpg)
Assists 10,141 (11.2 apg)
Stats at Basketball-Reference.com
Basketball Hall of Fame as player
College Basketball Hall of Fame
Inducted in 2006
Medals
Men's basketball
Representing the  United States
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 1992 Barcelona Team competition

Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr. (born August 14, 1959) is a retired American professional basketball player who played point guard for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) for 13 seasons. After winning championships in high school and college, Johnson was selected first overall in the 1979 NBA draft by the Lakers. He won a championship and an NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award in his rookie season, and won four more championships with the Lakers during the 1980s. Johnson retired abruptly in 1991 after announcing that he had contracted HIV, but returned to play in the 1992 All-Star Game, winning the All-Star MVP Award. After protests from his fellow players, he retired again for four years, but returned in 1996, at age 36, to play 32 games for the Lakers before retiring for the third and final time.

Johnson's career achievements include three NBA MVP Awards, nine NBA Finals appearances, twelve All-Star games, and ten All-NBA First and Second Team nominations. He led the league in regular-season assists four times, and is the NBA's all-time leader in average assists per game, at 11.2.[2] Johnson was a member of the 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team ("The Dream Team"), which won the Olympic gold medal in 1992. After leaving the NBA in 1992, Johnson formed the Magic Johnson All-Stars, a barnstorming team that travelled around the world playing exhibition games.[3] Johnson was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996.

Johnson is one of only seven players in history to win an NCAA Championship, an NBA Championship, and an Olympic Gold Medal.[4] He became a two-time inductee into the Basketball Hall of Fame—being enshrined in 2002 for his individual career, and again in 2010 as a member of the "Dream Team".[5] He was rated the greatest NBA point guard of all time by ESPN in 2007.[6] His friendship and rivalry with Boston Celtics star Larry Bird, whom he faced in the 1979 NCAA finals and three NBA championship series, are well documented.

Since his retirement, Johnson has been an advocate for HIV/AIDS prevention and safe sex,[5] as well as an entrepreneur,[7] philanthropist,[8] broadcaster and motivational speaker.[9] His public announcement of his HIV-positive status in 1991 helped dispel the stereotype, still widely held at the time, that HIV was a "gay disease" that heterosexuals need not worry about; his bravery in making this announcement was widely commended.[10] Named by Ebony Magazine as one of America's most influential black businessmen in 2009,[11] Johnson has numerous business interests, and was a part-owner of the Lakers for several years. Johnson also is part of a group of investors that purchased the Los Angeles Dodgers in 2012 and the Los Angeles Sparks in 2014.

Amateur career

Early years

Earvin Johnson Jr. was born in Lansing, Michigan to Earvin Sr., a General Motors assembly worker, and Christine, a school custodian.[12] Johnson, who had six siblings,[13][14][15] was influenced by his parents' strong work ethic. Johnson's mother spent many hours after work each night cleaning their home and preparing the next day's meals, while his father did janitorial work at a used car lot and collected garbage, all while never missing a day at General Motors. Earvin Jr. would often help his father on the garbage route, and he was teased by neighborhood children who called him "Garbage Man."[16]

Johnson grew up in Lansing, and came to love basketball as a youngster. His favorite basketball player was Bill Russell, whom he admired more for his many championships than his athletic ability.[17] He also idolized players such as Earl Monroe and Marques Haynes,[18] and practiced "all day."[5] Magic Johnson came from an athletic family. His father played high school basketball in his home state of Mississippi,[19] and Johnson learned the finer points about the game from him. Johnson's mother, originally from North Carolina,[19] had also played basketball as a child, and she grew up watching her brothers play the game.[17]

By the time he had reached the eighth grade, Johnson had begun to think about a future in basketball. He had become a dominant junior high player, once scoring 48 points in a game.[14] Johnson looked forward to playing at Sexton High School a school with a very successful basketball team and a great tradition that also happened to be only five blocks from his home. His plans underwent a dramatic change when he learned that he would be bused to predominately white Everett High School[17][20] instead of going to Sexton, which was predominately black.[14][21] Johnson's sister Pearl and his brother Larry had bused to Everett the previous year and did not have a pleasant experience. There were incidents of racism, with rocks being thrown at buses carrying black students, and white parents refusing to send their children to school. Larry was kicked off the basketball team after a confrontation during practice, prompting him to beg Earvin not to play. Johnson did join the basketball team but became angry after several days when his new teammates ignored him during practice, not even passing the ball. He nearly got into a fight with another player before head coach George Fox intervened. Eventually Johnson accepted his situation, and the small group of black students looked to him as their leader.[14] When recalling the events in his autobiography, My Life, he talked about how his time at Everett had changed him:

As I look back on it today, I see the whole picture very differently. It's true that I hated missing out on Sexton. And the first few months, I was miserable at Everett. But being bused to Everett turned out to be one of the best things that ever happened to me. It got me out of my own little world and taught me how to understand white people, how to communicate and deal with them.[14]

Johnson was first dubbed "Magic" as a 15-year-old sophomore playing for Everett High School, when he recorded a triple-double of 36 points, 18 rebounds and 16 assists.[5] After the game, Fred Stabley Jr., a sports writer for the Lansing State Journal, gave him the moniker[22] despite the belief of Johnson's mother, a Christian, that the name was sacrilegious.[5] In his final high school season, Johnson led Lansing Everett to a 27–1 win–loss record while averaging 28.8 points and 16.8 rebounds per game,[5] and took his team to an overtime victory in the state championship game.[23] Johnson dedicated the championship victory to his best friend Reggie Chastine, who was killed in a car accident the previous summer.[24] He gave Chastine much of the credit for his development as a basketball player and as a person,[25] saying years later, "I doubted myself back then."[26] Johnson and Chastine were almost always together, playing basketball or riding around in Chastine's car.[16] Upon learning of Chastine's death, Magic ran from his home, crying uncontrollably.[26] Johnson, who finished his high school career with two All-State selections, was considered at the time to be the best high school player ever to come out of Michigan[24] and was also named to the 1977 McDonald's All-American team.[27]

Michigan State University

Although Johnson was recruited by several top-ranked colleges such as Indiana and UCLA, he decided to play close to home.[28] His college decision came down to Michigan and Michigan State in East Lansing. He ultimately decided to attend Michigan State when coach Jud Heathcote told him he could play the point guard position. The talent already on Michigan State's roster also drew him to the program.[29]

Johnson did not initially aspire to play professionally, focusing instead on his communication studies major and on his desire to become a television commentator.[30] Playing with future NBA draftees Greg Kelser, Jay Vincent and Mike Brkovich, Johnson averaged 17.0 points, 7.9 rebounds, and 7.4 assists per game as a freshman, and led the Spartans to a 25–5 record, the Big Ten Conference title, and a berth in the 1978 NCAA Tournament.[5] The Spartans reached the Elite Eight, but lost narrowly to eventual national champion Kentucky.[31]

During the 1978–79 season, Michigan State again qualified for the NCAA Tournament, where they advanced to the championship game and faced Indiana State, which was led by senior Larry Bird. In what was the most-watched college basketball game ever,[32] Michigan State defeated Indiana State 75–64, and Johnson was voted Most Outstanding Player of the Final Four.[23] After two years in college, during which he averaged 17.1 points, 7.6 rebounds, and 7.9 assists per game, Johnson entered the 1979 NBA draft.[33] After the 1994–95 season, Heathcote stepped down as coach of the Spartans, and on June 8, 1995, Johnson returned to the Breslin Center to play in the Jud Heathcote All-Star Tribute Game. He led all scorers with 39 points.[34]

Professional career

Rookie season in the NBA (1979–80)

Johnson was drafted first overall in 1979 by the Los Angeles Lakers. Johnson said that what was "most amazing" about joining the Lakers was the chance to play alongside Kareem Abdul-Jabbar,[35] the team's 7 ft 2 in (2.18 m) center who became the leading scorer in NBA history.[36] Despite Abdul-Jabbar's dominance, he had failed to win a championship with the Lakers, and Johnson was expected to help them achieve that goal.[37] Johnson averaged 18.0 points, 7.7 rebounds, and 7.3 assists per game for the season, was selected to the NBA All-Rookie Team, and was named an NBA All-Star Game starter.[38]

The Lakers compiled a 60–22 record in the regular season and reached the 1980 NBA Finals,[39] in which they faced the Philadelphia 76ers, who were led by forward Julius Erving. The Lakers took a 3–2 lead in the series, but Abdul-Jabbar, who averaged 33 points a game in the series,[40] sprained his ankle in Game 5 and could not play in Game 6.[37] Paul Westhead decided to start Johnson at center in Game 6; Johnson recorded 42 points, 15 rebounds, 7 assists, and 3 steals in a 123–107 win, while playing guard, forward, and center at different times during the game.[37] Johnson became the only rookie to win the NBA Finals MVP award,[37] and his clutch performance is still regarded as one of the finest in NBA history.[6][41][42] He also became one of four players to win NCAA and NBA championships in consecutive years.[43]

Ups and downs (1980–83)

Early in the 1980–81 season, Johnson was sidelined after he suffered torn cartilage in his left knee. He missed 45 games,[33] and said that his rehabilitation was the "most down" he had ever felt.[44] Johnson returned before the start of the 1981 playoffs, but the Lakers' then-assistant and future head coach Pat Riley later said Johnson's much-anticipated return made the Lakers a "divided team".[45] The 54-win Lakers faced the 40–42 Houston Rockets in the first round of playoffs,[46][47] where Houston upset the Lakers 2–1 after Johnson airballed a last-second shot in Game 3.[48]

In 1981, after the 1980–81 season, Johnson signed a 25-year, $25-million contract with the Lakers, which was the highest-paying contract in sports history up to that point.[49] Early in the 1981–82 season, Johnson had a heated dispute with Westhead, who Johnson said made the Lakers "slow" and "predictable".[50] After Johnson demanded to be traded, Lakers owner Jerry Buss fired Westhead and replaced him with Riley. Although Johnson denied responsibility for Westhead's firing,[51] he was booed across the league, even by Laker fans.[5] However, Buss was also unhappy with the Lakers offense and had intended on firing Westhead days before the Westhead–Johnson altercation, but assistant GM Jerry West and GM Bill Sharman had convinced Buss to delay his decision.[52] Despite his off-court troubles, Johnson averaged 18.6 points, 9.6 rebounds, 9.5 assists, and a league-high 2.7 steals per game, and was voted a member of the All-NBA Second Team.[33] He also joined Wilt Chamberlain and Oscar Robertson as the only NBA players to tally at least 700 points, 700 rebounds, and 700 assists in the same season.[23] The Lakers advanced through the 1982 playoffs and faced Philadelphia for the second time in three years in the 1982 NBA Finals. After a triple-double from Johnson in Game 6, the Lakers defeated the Sixers 4–2, as Johnson won his second NBA Finals MVP award.[53] During the championship series against the Sixers, Johnson averaged 16.2 points on .533 shooting, 10.8 rebounds, 8.0 assists, and 2.5 steals per game.[54] Johnson later said that his third season was when the Lakers first became a great team,[55] and he credited their success to Riley.[56]

During the 1982–83 NBA season, Johnson averaged 16.8 points, 10.5 assists, and 8.6 rebounds per game and earned his first All-NBA First Team nomination.[33] The Lakers again reached the Finals, and for a third time faced the Sixers, who featured center Moses Malone as well as Erving.[57] With Johnson's teammates Norm Nixon, James Worthy and Bob McAdoo all hobbled by injuries, the Lakers were swept by the Sixers, and Malone was crowned the Finals MVP.[57] In a losing effort against Philadelphia, Johnson averaged 19.0 points on .403 shooting, 12.5 assists, and 7.8 rebounds per game.[58]

Battles against the Celtics (1983–87)

Prior to Johnson's fifth season, West—who had become the Lakers general manager—traded Nixon to free Johnson from sharing the ball-handling responsibilities.[59] Johnson that season averaged a double-double of 17.6 points and 13.1 assists, as well as 7.3 rebounds per game.[33] The Lakers reached the Finals for the third year in a row, where Johnson's Lakers and Bird's Celtics met for the first time in the post-season.[60] The Lakers won the first game, and led by two points in Game 2 with 18 seconds to go, but after a layup by Gerald Henderson, Johnson failed to get a shot off before the final buzzer sounded, and the Lakers lost 124–121 in overtime.[60] In Game 3, Johnson responded with 21 assists in a 137–104 win, but in Game 4, he again made several crucial errors late in the contest. In the final minute of the game, Johnson had the ball stolen by Celtics center Robert Parish, and then missed two free throws that could have won the game. The Celtics won Game 4 in overtime, and the teams split the next two games. In the decisive Game 7 in Boston, as the Lakers trailed by three points in the final minute, opposing point guard Dennis Johnson stole the ball from Johnson, a play that effectively ended the series.[60] Friends Isiah Thomas and Mark Aguirre consoled him that night, talking until the morning in his Boston hotel room amidst fan celebrations on the street.[61][62] During the Finals, Johnson averaged 18.0 points on .560 shooting, 13.6 assists, and 7.7 rebounds per game.[63] Johnson later described the series as "the one championship we should have had but didn't get".[64]

Johnson (right) battles Boston's Cedric Maxwell in 1985 NBA Finals

In the 1984–85 regular season, Johnson averaged 18.3 points, 12.6 assists, and 6.2 rebounds per game and led the Lakers into the 1985 NBA Finals, where they faced the Celtics again. The series started poorly for the Lakers when they allowed an NBA Finals record 148 points to the Celtics in a 34-point loss in Game 1.[65] However, Abdul-Jabbar, who was now 38 years old, scored 30 points and grabbed 17 rebounds in Game 2, and his 36 points in a Game 5 win were instrumental in establishing a 3–2 lead for Los Angeles.[65] After the Lakers defeated the Celtics in six games, Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson, who averaged 18.3 points on .494 shooting, 14.0 assists, and 6.8 rebounds per game in the championship series,[66][67] said the Finals win was the highlight of their careers.[68]

Johnson again averaged a double-double in the 1985–86 NBA season, with 18.8 points, 12.6 assists, and 5.9 rebounds per game.[33] The Lakers advanced to the Western Conference Finals, but were unable to defeat the Houston Rockets, who advanced to the Finals in five games.[69] In the next season, Johnson averaged a career-high of 23.9 points, as well as 12.2 assists and 6.3 rebounds per game,[33] and earned his first regular season MVP award.[5][70] The Lakers met the Celtics for the third time in the NBA Finals, and in Game 4 Johnson hit a last-second hook shot over Celtics big men Parish and Kevin McHale to win the game 107–106.[71] The game-winning shot, which Johnson dubbed his "junior, junior, junior sky-hook",[71] helped Los Angeles defeat Boston in six games. Johnson was awarded his third Finals MVP title after averaging 26.2 points on .541 shooting, 13.0 assists, 8.0 rebounds, and 2.33 steals per game.[71][72]

Repeat and falling short (1987–91)

Johnson with the Lakers, c. 1987

Before the 1987–88 NBA season, Lakers coach Pat Riley publicly promised that they would defend the NBA title, even though no team had won consecutive titles since the Celtics did so in the 1969 NBA Finals.[73] Johnson had another productive season with averages of 19.6 points, 11.9 assists, and 6.2 rebounds per game.[33] In the 1988 playoffs, the Lakers survived two 4–3 series against the Utah Jazz and the Dallas Mavericks to reach the Finals and face Thomas and the Detroit Pistons,[74] known as the "Bad Boys" for their physical style of play.[75] Johnson and Thomas greeted each other with a kiss on the cheek before the opening tip of Game 1, which they called a display of brotherly love.[62][76][77] After the teams split the first six games, Lakers forward and Finals MVP James Worthy had his first career triple-double of 36 points, 16 rebounds, and 10 assists, and led his team to a 108–105 win.[78] Despite not being named MVP, Johnson had a strong championship series, averaging 21.1 points on .550 shooting, 13.0 assists, and 5.7 rebounds per game.[79] It was the fifth and final NBA championship of his career.

In the 1988–89 NBA season, Johnson's 22.5 points, 12.8 assists, and 7.9 rebounds per game[33] earned him his second MVP award,[80] and the Lakers reached the 1989 NBA Finals, in which they again faced the Pistons. However, after Johnson went down with a hamstring injury in Game 2, the Lakers were no match for the Pistons, who swept them 4–0.[81]

Playing without Abdul-Jabbar for the first time, Johnson won his third MVP award[82] after a strong 1989–90 NBA season in which he averaged 22.3 points, 11.5 assists, and 6.6 rebounds per game.[33] However, the Lakers bowed out to the Phoenix Suns in the Western Conference semifinals, which was the Lakers' earliest playoffs elimination in nine years.[83] Mike Dunleavy became the Lakers' head coach in 1990–91, when Johnson had grown to be the league's third-oldest point guard. He had become more powerful and stronger than in his earlier years, but was also slower and less nimble.[84] Under Dunleavy, the offense used more half-court sets, and the team had a renewed emphasis on defense.[85] Johnson performed well during the season, with averages of 19.4 points, 12.5 assists, and 7.0 rebounds per game, and the Lakers reached the 1991 NBA Finals. There they faced the Chicago Bulls, led by shooting guard Michael Jordan, a five-time scoring champion regarded as the finest player of his era.[86][87] Although the series was portrayed as a matchup between Johnson and Jordan,[88] Bulls forward Scottie Pippen defended effectively against Johnson. Despite two triple-doubles from Johnson during the series, finals MVP Jordan led his team to a 4–1 win.[5] In the last championship series of his career, Johnson averaged 18.6 points on .431 shooting, 12.4 assists, and 8.0 rebounds per game.[89]

HIV announcement and Olympics (1991–92)

After a physical before the 1991–92 NBA season, Johnson discovered that he had tested positive for HIV. In a press conference held on November 7, 1991, Johnson made a public announcement that he would retire immediately.[90] He stated that his wife Cookie and their unborn child did not have HIV, and that he would dedicate his life to "battle this deadly disease".[90] Johnson initially said that he did not know how he contracted the disease,[90] but later acknowledged that it was through having multiple sexual partners during his playing career.[91] At the time, only a small percentage of HIV-positive American men had contracted it from heterosexual sex,[77][92] and it was initially rumored that Johnson was gay or bisexual, although he denied both.[77] Johnson later accused Isiah Thomas of spreading the rumors, a claim Thomas denied.[62][93] Johnson's HIV announcement became a major news story in the United States,[92] and in 2004 was named as ESPN's seventh-most memorable moment of the past 25 years.[10] Many articles praised Johnson as a hero, and former U.S. President George H. W. Bush said, "For me, Magic is a hero, a hero for anyone who loves sports."[92]

Despite his retirement, Johnson was voted by fans as a starter for the 1992 NBA All-Star Game at Orlando Arena, although his former teammates Byron Scott and A. C. Green said that Johnson should not play,[94] and several NBA players, including Utah Jazz forward Karl Malone, argued that they would be at risk of contamination if Johnson suffered an open wound while on court.[95] Johnson led the West to a 153–113 win and was crowned All-Star MVP after recording 25 points, 9 assists, and 5 rebounds.[96] The game ended after he made a last-minute three-pointer, and players from both teams ran onto the court to congratulate Johnson.[97]

Johnson was chosen to compete in the 1992 Summer Olympics for the US basketball team, dubbed the "Dream Team" because of the NBA stars on the roster.[98] The Dream Team, which along with Johnson included fellow Hall of Famers such as Michael Jordan, Charles Barkley, and Larry Bird, was considered unbeatable.[99] The Dream Team dominated the competition, winning the gold medal with an 8–0 record, beating their opponents by an average of 43.8 points per game. Johnson averaged 8.0 points per game during the Olympics, and his 5.5 assists per game was second on the team.[99][100] Johnson played infrequently because of knee problems,[101] but he received standing ovations from the crowd, and used the opportunity to inspire HIV-positive people.[30]

Post-Olympics and later life

Before the 1992–93 NBA season, Johnson announced his intention to stage an NBA comeback. After practicing and playing in several pre-season games, he returned to retirement before the start of the regular season, citing controversy over his return sparked by opposition from several active players.[23] In an August, 2011 interview Johnson said that in retrospect, he wished that he had never retired after being diagnosed with HIV, saying, "If I knew what I know now, I wouldn't have retired."[102] Johnson said that despite the physical, highly competitive practices and scrimmages leading up to the 1992 Olympics, some of those same teammates still expressed concerns about his return to the NBA. He said that he retired because he "didn't want to hurt the game."[102]

During his retirement, Johnson has written a book on safer sex, run several businesses, worked for NBC as a commentator, and toured Asia, Australia and New Zealand with a basketball team of former college and NBA players.[5] In 1985, Johnson created "A Midsummer Night's Magic", a yearly charity event which included a celebrity basketball game and a black tie dinner. The proceeds went to the United Negro College Fund, and Johnson held this event for twenty years, ending in 2005. "A Midsummer Night's Magic" eventually came under the umbrella of the Magic Johnson Foundation, which he founded in 1991.[103] The 1992 event, which was the first one held after Johnson's appearance in the 1992 Olympics, raised over $1.3 million for UNCF. Magic Johnson joined Shaquille O'Neal and celebrity coach Spike Lee to lead the blue team to a 147–132 victory over the white team, which was coached by Arsenio Hall.[104][105]

Return to the Lakers as coach and player (1994, 1996)

Johnson returned to the NBA as coach of the Lakers near the end of the 1993–94 NBA season, replacing Randy Pfund, and Bill Bertka, who served as an interim coach for two games.[106][107] Johnson, who took the job at the urging of owner Jerry Buss, admitted "I've always had the desire (to coach) in the back of my mind." He insisted that his health was not an issue, while downplaying questions about returning as a player, saying, "I'm retired. Let's leave it at that."[108] Amid speculation from general manager Jerry West that he may only coach until the end of the season,[108] Johnson took over a team that had a 28–38 record, and won his first game as head coach, a 110–101 victory over the Milwaukee Bucks.[109] He was coaching a team that had five of his former teammates on the roster: Vlade Divac, Elden Campbell, Tony Smith, Kurt Rambis, James Worthy, who would retire after the season, and Michael Cooper, who was brought in as an assistant.[108][110] Johnson, who still had a guaranteed player contract that would pay him $14.6 million during the 1994–95 NBA season, signed a separate contract to coach the team that had no compensation.[108] The Lakers played well initially, winning five of their first six games under Johnson, but after losing the next five games, Johnson announced that he was resigning as coach after the season. The Lakers finished the season on a ten-game losing streak, and Johnson's final record as a head coach was 5–11.[107] Stating that it was never his dream to coach, he chose instead to purchase a 5% share of the team in June 1994.[5]

At the age of 36, Johnson attempted another comeback as a player when he re-joined the Lakers during the 1995–96 NBA season. During his retirement, Johnson began intense workouts to help his fight against HIV, raising his bench press from 135 to 300 pounds, and increasing his weight to 255 pounds.[26] He officially returned to the team on January 29, 1996,[111] and played his first game the following day against the Golden State Warriors. Coming off the bench, Johnson had 19 points, 8 rebounds, and 10 assists to help the Lakers to a 128–118 victory.[112] On February 14, Johnson recorded the final triple-double of his career, when he scored 15 points, along with 10 rebounds and 13 assists in a victory against the Atlanta Hawks.[112] Playing power forward, he averaged 14.6 points, 6.9 assists, and 5.7 rebounds per game in 32 games, and finished tied for 12th place with Charles Barkley in voting for the MVP Award.[33][113] The Lakers had a record of 22–10 in the games Johnson played, and he considered his final comeback "a success."[111] While Johnson played well in 1996, there were struggles both on and off the court. Cedric Ceballos, upset over a reduction in his playing time after Magic Johnson's arrival, left the team for several days. He missed two games and was stripped of his title as team captain. Nick Van Exel received a seven-game suspension for bumping referee Ron Garretson during a game on April 9. Johnson was publicly critical of Van Exel, saying his actions were "inexcusable."[114] Ironically Johnson was himself suspended five days later, when he bumped referee Scott Foster, missing three games. He also missed several games due to a calf injury.[111] Despite these difficulties, the Lakers finished with a record of 53–29 and fourth seed in the NBA Playoffs. Although they were facing the defending NBA champion Houston Rockets, the Lakers had home court advantage in the five-game series. The Lakers played poorly in a Game 1 loss, prompting Johnson to express frustration with his role in coach Del Harris' offense.[115] Johnson led the way to a Game 2 victory with 26 points, but averaged only 7.5 points per game for the remainder of the series, which the Rockets won three games to one.[116]

After the Lakers lost to the Houston Rockets in the first round of the playoffs,[117] Johnson initially expressed a desire to return to the team for the 1996-97 NBA season, but he also talked about joining another team as a free agent, hoping to see more playing time at point guard instead of power forward.[111] A few days later Johnson changed his mind and retired permanently, saying, "I am going out on my terms, something I couldn't say when I aborted a comeback in 1992."[23][111]

Magic Johnson All-Stars

Determined to play competitive basketball despite being out of the NBA, Johnson formed the Magic Johnson All-Stars, a barnstorming team composed of former NBA and college players. In 1994 Johnson joined with former pros Reggie Theus, John Long, Earl Cureton, and Lester Conner, as his team played games in Australia, Israel, South America, Europe, New Zealand, and Japan. They also toured the United States, playing five games against teams from the CBA. In the final game of the CBA series, Magic Johnson had 30 points, 17 rebounds, and 13 assists, leading the All-Stars to a 126–121 victory over the Oklahoma City Cavalry.[118] By the time he returned to the Lakers in 1996, the Magic Johnson All-Stars had amassed a record of 55–0, and Johnson was earning as much as $365,000 per game.[26] Johnson played with the team frequently over the next several years, with possibly the most memorable game occurring in November, 2001. Magic, at the age of 42, played with the All-Stars against his alma mater, Michigan State. Although he played in a celebrity game to honor coach Jud Heathcoate in 1995,[34] this was Johnson's first meaningful game played in his hometown of Lansing in 22 years. Playing in front of a sold out arena, Johnson had a triple-double and played the entire game, but his all-star team lost to the Spartans by two points. Johnson's half court shot at the buzzer would have won the game, but it fell short.[119][120] On November 1, 2002 Johnson returned to play a second exhibition game against Michigan State. Playing with the Canberra Cannons of Australia's National Basketball League instead of his usual group of players, Johnson's team defeated the Spartans 104–85, as he scored 12 points, with 10 assists and 10 rebounds.[121]

Brief period in Scandinavia

In 1999, Johnson joined the Swedish squad M7 Borås (now known as 'Borås Basket'), and was undefeated in five games with the team.[122][123] Johnson also became a co-owner of the club,[124] however, the project failed after one season and the club was forced in to reconstruction.[124] He later joined the Danish team The Great Danes.[124]

Off the court

A five-point star engraved on a tile. In the center of the star are the words "EARVIN MAGIC JOHNSON". An image of a movie camera is etched directly below these words, though still in the star.
Magic Johnson's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Personal life

Johnson first fathered a son in 1981, when Andre Johnson was born to Melissa Mitchell. Although Andre was raised by his mother, he visited Johnson each summer, and as of October 2005 was working for Magic Johnson Enterprises as a marketing director.[7] In 1991, Johnson married Earlitha "Cookie" Kelly in a small wedding in Lansing which included guests Thomas, Aguirre, and Herb Williams.[125] Johnson and Cookie have one son, Earvin III, who is openly gay and a star on the reality show Rich Kids of Beverly Hills.[7][126] The couple adopted a daughter, Elisa, in 1995.[127] Johnson resides in Dana Point, California.[128]

Johnson is a Christian[129] and has said his faith is "the most important thing" in his life.[130]

In 2010, Magic Johnson and current and former NBA players such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, and Bill Russell, as well as Maya Moore from the WNBA, played a basketball game with President Barack Obama as an exhibition for a group of military troops who had been injured in action. The game was played at a gym inside Fort McNair, and reporters covering the President were not allowed to enter. The basketball game was part of festivities organized to celebrate Obama's 49th birthday.[131]

Media figure and business interests

Johnson giving a speech at the George R. Brown Convention Center in Houston, Texas on April 25, 2013.

In 1998, Johnson hosted a late night talk show on the Fox network called The Magic Hour, but the show was canceled after two months because of low ratings.[132] Shortly after the cancellation of his talk show, Magic Johnson started a record label. The label, initially called Magic 32 Records, was renamed Magic Johnson Music when Johnson signed a joint venture with MCA in 2000. Magic Johnson Music signed R&B artist Avant as its first act.[133][134] Johnson also co-promoted Janet Jackson's Velvet Rope Tour through his company Magicworks.[135] He has also worked as a motivational speaker,[9] and was an NBA commentator for Turner Network Television for seven years,[136] before becoming a studio analyst for ESPN's NBA Countdown in 2008.[137]

Johnson runs Magic Johnson Enterprises, a company that has a net worth of $700 million;[7] its subsidiaries include Magic Johnson Productions, a promotional company; Magic Johnson Theaters, a nationwide chain of movie theaters; and Magic Johnson Entertainment, a movie studio.[138] In addition to these business ventures, Johnson has also created the Magic Card, a pre-paid MasterCard aimed at helping low-income people save money and participate in electronic commerce.[139] In 2006, Johnson created a contract food service with Sodexo USA called Sodexo-Magic.[140][141] In 2004, Johnson and his partner Ken Lombard, sold Magic Johnson Theaters to Loews Cineples Entertainment in 2004. The first Magic Johnson Theater located in the Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza, closed in 2010 and re-opened in 2011 as Rave Cinema 15.[142]

Johnson began thinking of life after basketball while still playing with the Lakers. He wondered why so many athletes had failed at business, and sought advice. During his seventh season in the NBA, he had a meeting with Michael Ovitz, CEO of Creative Artists Agency. Ovitz encouraged him to start reading business magazines and to use every connection available to him. Johnson learned everything he could about business, often meeting with corporate executives during road trips.[11] Johnson's first foray into business, a high-end sporting goods store named Magic 32,[11] failed after only one year, costing him $200,000.[143] The experience taught him to listen to his customers and find out what products they wanted. Johnson has become a leading voice on how to invest in urban communities, creating redevelopment opportunities in underserved areas, most notably through his movie theaters and his partnership with Starbucks. He went to Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz with the idea that he could successfully open the coffee shops in urban areas. After showing Schultz the tremendous buying power of minorities, Johnson was able to purchase 125 Starbucks stores, which reported higher than average per capita sales.[143] The partnership, called Urban Coffee Opportunities, placed Starbucks in locations such as Detroit, Washington, D.C., Harlem, and the Crenshaw District of Los Angeles. Johnson sold his remaining interest in the stores back to the company in 2010, ending a successful twelve-year partnership.[144][145] Johnson has also invested in urban California real estate and financial service companies catering to America’s underserved markets via his Canyon-Johnson and Yucaipa-Johnson funds.[146][147][148][149] Another major project is with Chicago-based Aon Corp., an insurance services company is designed to promote minority businesses.[150]

In 1994, Johnson became a minority owner of the Lakers, having reportedly paid more than $10 million for part ownership. He also held the title of team vice president.[151] Johnson sold his ownership stake in the Lakers in October 2010 to Patrick Soon-Shiong, a Los Angeles surgeon and professor at UCLA,[152] but continued as an unpaid vice president for the team.[153]

In the wake of the Donald Sterling controversy, limited media reports indicated that Johnson had expressed an interest in purchasing the Los Angeles Clippers franchise.[154]

In 2015, Johnson completed its planned acquisition for a "majority, controlling interest" in EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, which manages $14.5 billion in annuities, life insurance and other financial products.[155]

Los Angeles Dodgers

In January 2012, Johnson joined with Guggenheim Partners and Stan Kasten in a bid for ownership of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team.[156] In March 2012, Johnson's ownership group was announced as the winner of the proceedings to buy the Dodgers.[157] The Johnson-led group, which also includes movie executive Peter Guber, paid $2 billion for the Dodgers, the largest amount paid for a professional sports team. While Magic Johnson is considered the leader of the ownership group, the controlling owner is Mark Walter, chief executive officer for Guggenheim Partners. Peter Guber, who is co-owner of the Golden State Warriors, owns a small stake in the Dodgers along with Johnson. Johnson and Guber are also partners in the Dayton Dragons, a minor league baseball team that has sold out 844 consecutive games, a record for professional sports.[158][159]

Los Angeles Sparks

Together with Guggenheim, Johnson was also involved in the February 2014 purchase of the Los Angeles Sparks team in the WNBA.[160] As such, in 2014 Johnson was named one of ESPNW's Impact 25.[161]

Los Angeles Football Club

Johnson announced his co-ownership of a future Major League Soccer expansion franchise based in Los Angeles on October 30, 2014.[162] The temporary name is Los Angeles Football Club while the ownership group explores a permanent name.[163]

Politics

Johnson is a supporter of the Democratic Party—in 2006, he publicly endorsed Phil Angelides for governor of California,[164] and in 2007 he supported Hillary Clinton for president of the United States.[165]

In 2010, Johnson endorsed Barbara Boxer in her race for re-election.[166]

In 2012, Johnson endorsed Barack Obama for President.[167] He endorsed and appeared in campaign ads for unsuccessful Los Angeles mayoral candidate Wendy Greuel in 2013.[168]

HIV activism

A middle-aged Caucasian woman shakes the hand of a tall black man.
In 2003, Johnson met with Nancy Pelosi to discuss federal assistance for those with AIDS.

After announcing his infection in November 1991, Johnson created the Magic Johnson Foundation to help combat HIV,[169] although he later diversified the foundation to include other charitable goals.[170] In 1992, he joined the National Commission on AIDS, a committee appointed by members of Congress and the Bush Administration. Johnson left after eight months, saying that the White House had "utterly ignored" the work of the panel, and had opposed the commission's recommendations, which included universal healthcare and the expansion of Medicaid to cover all low-income people with AIDS.[169][171] He was also the main speaker for the United Nations (UN) World AIDS Day Conference in 1999,[170] and has served as a United Nations Messenger of Peace.[172]

HIV had been associated with drug addicts and homosexuals,[169] but Johnson's campaigns sought to show that the risk of infection was not limited to those groups. Johnson stated that his aim was to "help educate all people about what [HIV] is about" and teach others not to "discriminate against people who have HIV and AIDS".[170] Johnson was later criticized by the AIDS community for his decreased involvement in publicizing the spread of the disease.[169][170]

To prevent his HIV infection from progressing to AIDS, Johnson takes a daily combination of drugs.[173] He has advertised GlaxoSmithKline's drugs,[174] and partnered with Abbott Laboratories to publicize the fight against AIDS in African American communities.[173]

Career achievements

A display of yellow basketball jerseys bearing the names and uniform numbers of players
Johnson's number 32 jersey was retired by the Lakers in 1992.

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See also: List of career achievements by Magic Johnson

In 905 NBA games, Johnson tallied 17,707 points, 6,559 rebounds, and 10,141 assists, translating to career averages of 19.5 points, 7.2 rebounds, and 11.2 assists per game, the highest assists per game average in NBA history.[33] Johnson shares the single-game playoff record for assists (24),[175] holds the Finals record for assists in a game (21),[175] and has the most playoff assists (2,346).[176] He holds the All-Star Game single-game record for assists (22), and the All-Star Game record for career assists (127).[175] Johnson introduced a fast-paced style of basketball called "Showtime", described as a mix of "no-look passes off the fastbreak, pin-point alley-oops from halfcourt, spinning feeds and overhand bullets under the basket through triple teams."[5] Fellow Lakers guard Michael Cooper said, "There have been times when [Johnson] has thrown passes and I wasn't sure where he was going. Then one of our guys catches the ball and scores, and I run back up the floor convinced that he must've thrown it through somebody."[5][23] Johnson was exceptional because he played point guard despite being 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m), a size reserved normally for frontcourt players.[5] He combined the size of a power forward, the one-on-one skills of a swingman, and the ball handling talent of a guard, making him one of the most dangerous triple-double threats of all time; his 138 triple-double games are second only to Oscar Robertson's 181.[177]

For his feats, Johnson was voted as one of the 50 Greatest Players of All Time by the NBA in 1996,[178] and was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2002.[179] ESPN's SportsCentury ranked Johnson #17 in their "50 Greatest Athletes of the 20th Century"[180] In 2006, ESPN.com rated Johnson the greatest point guard of all time, stating, "It could be argued that he's the one player in NBA history who was better than Michael Jordan."[6] Several of his achievements in individual games have also been named among the top moments in the NBA.[42][181][182]

Rivalry with Larry Bird

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See also: Lakers–Celtics rivalry
Johnson battling with Bird for rebounding position in Game 2 of the 1985 NBA Finals at Boston Garden.

Johnson and Larry Bird were first linked as rivals after Johnson's Michigan State squad defeated Bird's Indiana State team in the 1979 NCAA finals. The rivalry continued in the NBA, and reached its climax when Boston and Los Angeles met in three out of four NBA Finals from 1984 to 1987. Johnson asserted that for him, the 82-game regular season was composed of 80 normal games, and two Lakers–Celtics games. Similarly, Bird admitted that Johnson's daily box score was the first thing he checked in the morning.[97]

Several journalists hypothesized that the Johnson–Bird rivalry was so appealing because it represented many other contrasts, such as the clash between the Lakers and Celtics, between Hollywood flashiness ("Showtime") and Boston/Indiana blue collar grit ("Celtic Pride"), and between blacks and whites.[183][184] The rivalry was also significant because it drew national attention to the faltering NBA. Prior to Johnson and Bird's arrival, the NBA had gone through a decade of declining interest and low TV ratings.[185] With the two future Hall of Famers, the league won a whole generation of new fans,[186] drawing both traditionalist adherents of Bird's dirt court Indiana game and those appreciative of Johnson's public park flair. According to sports journalist Larry Schwartz of ESPN, Johnson and Bird saved the NBA from bankruptcy.[23]

Despite their on-court rivalry, Johnson and Bird became close friends during the filming of a 1984 Converse shoe advertisement that depicted them as enemies.[187][188] Johnson appeared at Bird's retirement ceremony in 1992, and described Bird as a "friend forever";[97] during Johnson's Hall of Fame ceremony, Bird formally inducted his old rival.[186]

Relationship with Jerry Buss

Magic Johnson had an extremely close relationship with Lakers owner Jerry Buss, whom he saw as a mentor and a father figure.[189] Calling Buss his "second father" and "one of [his] best friends", Johnson spent five hours visiting Buss at the hospital just a few months before his death from cancer. Speaking to media just hours after Buss had died, Johnson was emotional, saying, "Without Dr. Jerry Buss, there is no Magic."[190] Buss acquired the team from Jack Kent Cooke in 1979, shortly before he drafted Johnson with the #1 pick in the 1979 NBA draft. In addition to playing 13 seasons for the Lakers and coaching the team briefly in 1994, Johnson also had an ownership stake in the team for nearly twenty years. Buss took a special interest in Johnson, introducing him to important Los Angeles business contacts and showing him how the Lakers organization was run, before eventually selling Johnson a stake in the team in 1994.[190] Johnson credits Buss with giving him the business knowledge that enabled him to become part owner of the Los Angeles Dodgers.[190][191]

Buss supported Johnson as he revealed his diagnosis of HIV in 1991, and he never hesitated to keep Johnson close to the organization, bringing him in as part-owner, and even as a coach. Johnson had never seriously considered coaching, but he agreed take the head coaching position with the Lakers in 1994 at Buss' request. In 1992, Buss had given Johnson a contract that paid him $14 million a year, as payback for all the years he was not the league's highest paid player. Although Johnson's retirement prior to the 1992–93 NBA season voided this contract, Buss insisted that he still be paid.[190] It was this arrangement that allowed Johnson to coach the team without receiving any additional salary.[108][189] After Johnson ended his coaching stint, Buss sold him a 4% stake in the Lakers for $10 million, and Johnson served as a team executive.[190]

NBA career statistics

Legend
  GP Games played   GS  Games started  MPG  Minutes per game
 FG%  Field goal percentage  3P%  3-point field goal percentage  FT%  Free throw percentage
 RPG  Rebounds per game  APG  Assists per game  SPG  Steals per game
 BPG  Blocks per game  PPG  Points per game  Bold  Career high
† Denotes seasons in which Johnson won an NBA championship
* Led the league

Regular season

Year Team GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
1979–80† L.A. Lakers 77 72 36.3 .530 .226 .810 7.7 7.3 2.4 0.5 18.0
1980–81 L.A. Lakers 37 35 37.1 .532 .176 .760 8.6 8.6 3.4* 0.7 21.6
1981–82† L.A. Lakers 78 77 38.3 .537 .207 .760 9.6 9.5 2.7* 0.4 18.6
1982–83 L.A. Lakers 79 79 36.8 .548 .000 .800 8.6 10.5* 2.2 0.6 16.8
1983–84 L.A. Lakers 67 66 38.3 .565 .207 .810 7.3 13.1* 2.2 0.7 17.6
1984–85† L.A. Lakers 77 77 36.1 .561 .189 .843 6.2 12.6 1.5 0.3 18.3
1985–86 L.A. Lakers 72 70 35.8 .526 .233 .871 5.9 12.6* 1.6 0.2 18.8
1986–87† L.A. Lakers 80 80 36.3 .522 .205 .848 6.3 12.2* 1.7 0.4 23.9
1987–88† L.A. Lakers 72 70 36.6 .492 .196 .853 6.2 11.9 1.6 0.2 19.6
1988–89 L.A. Lakers 77 77 37.5 .509 .314 .911* 7.9 12.8 1.8 0.3 22.5
1989–90 L.A. Lakers 79 79 37.2 .480 .384 .890 6.6 11.5 1.7 0.4 22.3
1990–91 L.A. Lakers 79 79 37.1 .477 .320 .906 7.0 12.5 1.3 0.2 19.4
1995–96 L.A. Lakers 32 9 29.9 .466 .379 .856 5.7 6.9 0.8 0.4 14.6
Career 906 870 36.7 .520 .303 .848 7.2 11.2 1.9 0.4 19.5
All-Star 11 10 .489 .476 .905 16.0

Playoffs

Year Team GP GS MPG FG% 3P% FT% RPG APG SPG BPG PPG
1980† L.A. Lakers 16 16 41.1 .518 .250 .802 10.5 9.4 3.1 0.4 18.3
1981 L.A. Lakers 3 3 42.3 .388 .000 .650 13.7 7.0 2.7 1.0 17.0
1982† L.A. Lakers 14 14 40.1 .529 .000 .828 11.3 9.3 2.9 0.2 17.4
1983 L.A. Lakers 15 15 42.9 .485 .000 .840 8.5 12.8 2.3 0.8 17.9
1984 L.A. Lakers 21 21 39.9 .551 .000 .800 6.6 13.5 2.0 1.0 18.2
1985† L.A. Lakers 19 19 36.2 .513 .143 .847 7.1 15.2 1.7 0.2 17.5
1986 L.A. Lakers 14 14 38.6 .537 .000 .766 7.1 15.1 1.9 0.1 21.6
1987† L.A. Lakers 18 18 37.0 .539 .200 .831 7.7 12.2 1.7 0.4 21.8
1988† L.A. Lakers 24 24 40.2 .514 .500 .852 5.4 12.6 1.4 0.2 19.9
1989 L.A. Lakers 14 14 37.0 .489 .286 .907 5.9 11.8 1.9 0.2 18.4
1990 L.A. Lakers 9 9 41.8 .490 .200 .886 6.3 12.8 1.2 0.1 25.2
1991 L.A. Lakers 19 19 43.3 .440 .296 .882 8.1 12.6 1.2 0.0 21.8
1996 L.A. Lakers 4 0 33.8 .385 .333 .848 8.5 6.5 0.0 0.0 15.3
Career[33] 190 186 39.7 .506 .241 .838 7.7 12.3 1.9 0.3 19.5

Books

Biographies

Johnson's autobiography is Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Other biographies include:

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  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (German)
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  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (German)
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (In ESPN SportsCentury)
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Instructional

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See also

References

  1. ↑ Magic Johnson – historical player file. www.nba.com. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ "Magic Johnson." www.entertainment.howstuffworks.com. Retrieved March 3, 2013
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Magic Touch: Magic Johnson's Fast Break Into Business." www.success.com. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Johnson, Earvin "Magic", and William Novak. My Life. p. 4. ISBN 0-449-22254-3.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Johnson, Earvin "Magic", and William Novak. My Life. ISBN 0-449-22254-3. Google Books. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
  15. ↑ Johnson's father had three children by a previous marriage. Magic was the fourth of seven children Earvin Sr. and Christine had together. [1]
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Danois, Alejandro. "The Meaning of Magic." www.coachgeorgeraveling.com, August 20, 2012. Retrieved May 23, 2013
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Roselius, Chris J. Magic Johnson: Basketball Star and Entrepreneur. ISBN 1617149454. Google Books. Retrieved May 26, 2013.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Springer, Steve. "Could It Be Magic." Los Angeles Times, June 5, 2002. www.articles.latimes.com. Retrieved May 26, 2013.
  20. ↑ McClelland, Edward. Nothin' But Blue Skies: The Heyday, Hard Times, and Hopes of America's Industrial Heartland. p. 321. ISBN 9781608195299. Google Books. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Detroit Board's Busing Decision Termed 'Unwise.'" The Argus-Press [Ann Arbor, Michigan], July 12, 1973. Google News Archives. Retrieved May 27, 2013
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  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Atkins, Harry. "State Basketball Championships Are Now History." The Argus-Press [Ann Arbor, Michigan], March 28, 1977. Google News Archives. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  25. ↑ "Everett High School – Archives Yearbook (Lansing, MI), Class of 1977, Page 79." www.e-yearbook.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 Smith, Gary. "True Lies", Sports Illustrated, February 12, 1996. SI Vault. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
  27. ↑ "McDonald's All-American Alumni." www.mcdonaldsallamerican.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
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  33. ↑ 33.00 33.01 33.02 33.03 33.04 33.05 33.06 33.07 33.08 33.09 33.10 33.11 33.12 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "Magic Johnson returns to the Breslin Center." November 1, 2001. www.msuspartansports.com. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
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  85. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.(subscription required)
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  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 92.2 Dworkin, Sharon Lee, and Faye Linda Wachs. "The Morality/Manhood Paradox: Masulinity, Sport, and the Media." Masculinities, Gender Relations, and Sport. Eds. Jim McKay, Michael Messner, and Donald Sabo. ISBN 076191272X. pp. 53–54. Google Books. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
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  98. ↑ Ten of the 12 players on the team were named on the NBA's list of 50 Greatest Players: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  99. ↑ 99.0 99.1 "Games of the XXVth Olympiad – 1992." www.usabasketball.com. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
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  101. ↑ Barnard, Bill. "Knee injury knocks Magic out of Dream Team lineup against Germany." The Bulletin [Bend, Oregon], July 29, 1992. Google News Archives. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  102. ↑ 102.0 102.1 "Magic Johnson wishes he didn't retire so early." August 2, 2011 Interview with Los Angeles Times columnist Bill Plaschke. www.lakersblog.latimes.com. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
  103. ↑ "20 years of A Midsummer Night's Magic." www.magicjohnson.org. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  104. ↑ "Magic Johnson's Gala Midsummer Night Magic Gets $1.3 Mil for UNCF." Jet Magazine, October 19, 1992. Google Books. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  105. ↑ Game worn Shaquille O'Neal jersey from "A Midsummer Night's Magic" charity game. www.liveauctioneers.com. Retrieved March 28, 2013.
  106. ↑ Araton, Harvey. "Los Angeles Lakers hire Magic Johnson to be head coach." The New York Times, March 23, 1994. www.nytimes.com. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
  107. ↑ 107.0 107.1 "1993–94 Los Angeles Lakers Schedule and Results." www.basketball-reference.com. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
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  109. ↑ "Johnson gets win in first game as coach." The Fort Scott Tribune, March 28, 1994. Google News Archives. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
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  122. ↑ "Basketball: Johnson plays in Sweden" The Independent, November 12, 1999. www.independent.co.uk. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
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