Pentanal

Pentanal

Names
IUPAC name Pentanal
Other names Pentanaldehyde Valeraldehyde Valeric aldehyde
Identifiers
CAS Number	110-62-3 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:84069 N
ChemSpider	7772 N
DrugBank	DB01919 Y
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	8063
UNII	B975S3014W Y
InChI InChI=1S/C5H10O/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 N Key: HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N InChI=1/C5H10O/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Key: HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYAJ
SMILES O=CCCCC
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H10O
Molar mass	86.13 g·mol−1
Appearance	Clear liquid
Odor	Strong, acrid, pungent
Density	0.8095 at 20 °C
Melting point	−60 °C (−76 °F; 213 K)
Boiling point	102 to 103 °C (216 to 217 °F; 375 to 376 K)
Solubility in water	Very slightly soluble
Vapor pressure	26 mmHg (20° C)
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Related compounds
Related aldehydes	Butyraldehyde Hexanal
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Pentanal, also called pentanaldehyde or valeraldehyde, is an alkyl aldehyde, molecular formula C₅H₁₀O. It is used in flavorings, resin chemistry, and rubber accelerators.

Production

Pentanal is obtained by hydroformylation of butene. Also C4 mixtures can be used as starting material like the so-called raffinate II, which is produced by steam cracking and contains (Z)- and (E)-2-butene, 1-butene, butane and isobutane. The conversion to the product is accomplished with synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a rhodium-bisphosphite complex and a sterically hindered secondary amine with a selectivity toward pentanal of at least 90%.

Use

Pentanal is used in different flavors (e. g. fruit flavors) and as a vulcanization accelerator.

2-propyl-2-heptenal is obtained from pentanal by aldol condensation, which is hydrogenated to the saturated branched 2-propylheptanol. This alcohol serves as a starting material for the PVC plasticizer di-2-propylheptyl phthalate and by ethoxylation with 5 or 7 ethylene oxide units of nonionic APEO (alkyl phenol ethoxylate)-free detergents.