Team track
A team track is a small railroad siding or spur track intended for the use of area merchants, manufacturers, farmers and other small businesses to personally load and unload products and merchandise, usually in smaller quantities.[1] The term "team" refers to the teams of horses or oxen delivering wagon-loads of freight transferred to or from railway cars.[2] Team tracks may be owned by the railroad company[3] or by customers served by the railroad, or by industrial parks or freight terminals that encompass many customers.[4] In some jurisdictions, the operation and construction of team tracks is regulated by legal authorities.[5][6]
History
Earliest rail service to an area often provided a team track on railroad-owned property adjacent to the railroad agent's train station.[7] As rail traffic became more established, large-volume shippers extended privately owned spur tracks into mines, factories, and warehouses. Small-volume shippers and shippers with facilities distant from the rail line continued using team tracks into the early part of the 20th century.
Throughout the mid to latter portion of the 20th century, improved highway systems and abandonment of low-volume rail lines made full-distance truck shipments more practical in North America and avoided delays and damage associated with freight handling during transfer operations.[8] However, as a result of higher fuel costs, greater traffic jams on Interstate Highways, and the growing movement towards sustainable development, there has been recent upward trend towards moving long-distance freight traffic off highways and onto rail lines. This has resulted in local communities and rail lines seeking construction of new team track and intermodal facilities.[9][10]
Design
Some railroads publish detailed specifications for the design and construction of many elements of team tracks. For example, the Union Pacific Railroad has standards and guidelines for many aspects of spur track construction including track layout, clearance standards and turnout and switch stand designs.[11]
Generally, team tracks do not have road or pedestrian crossings across them.[6]
References
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