Walker River
| Walker River | |
| River | |
| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Nevada |
| Cities | Yerington, Mason, Wabuska |
| Primary source | West Walker River |
| - location | Sierra Nevada, California |
| - elevation | 9,640 ft (2,938 m) |
| - coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. [1] |
| Secondary source | East Walker River |
| - location | Bridgeport Valley, California |
| - elevation | 6,570 ft (2,003 m) |
| - coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. [2] |
| Source confluence | |
| - location | Yerington, Lyon County, Nevada |
| - elevation | 4,442 ft (1,354 m) |
| - coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. [3] |
| Mouth | Walker Lake |
| - location | Mineral County, Nevada |
| - elevation | 3,973 ft (1,211 m) |
| - coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. [3] |
| Length | 62 mi (100 km) |
| Basin | 3,134 sq mi (8,117 km2) |
| Discharge | for Wabuska, NV |
| - average | 164 cu ft/s (5 m3/s) |
| - max | 3,280 cu ft/s (93 m3/s) |
| - min | 0 cu ft/s (0 m3/s) |
 Walker River and Walker Lake
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The Walker River is a river in west central Nevada in the United States, approximately 62 miles (100 km) long. It drains an arid portion of the Great Basin southeast of Reno, with a watershed that extends into the Sierra Nevada mountains. It flows within an enclosed basin. Due to excessive diversions, it no longer provides the principal inflow of Walker Lake. It does flow through and maintain Topaz Lake (West Fork). The river was named for explorer Joseph Reddeford Walker. Its average discharge is about 360 cubic feet per second (10 m3/s).
History
The river was probably discovered by Hudson's Bay Company fur trapper Peter Skene Ogden, who discovered the Humboldt River in 1828 and returned in 1829 to trap beaver south of the Humboldt Sink, although records are scant.[4] In 1833, Joseph R. Walker led a party sent by Captain Benjamin Bonneville, to find a route from the Great Salt Lake to California via the Humboldt River, the Humboldt Sink, the Carson Sink, and then up into the Sierra Nevada by either the Carson River or the Walker River to near the headwaters of the Merced River and thence down to the San Joaquin River.[5] John Charles Fremont named Walker Lake after the trapper and the United States Geographic Board named the river after Walker in its Fifth Report.[6]
Watershed and Course
The Walker River is formed in southern Lyon County, 9 mi (11 km) south of Yerington, by the confluence of the East Walker and West Walker rivers; the East Walker is regulated by the Bridgeport Reservoir, while the West Walker comes directly from snowmelt. It flows initially north past Yerington into central Lyon County, where it turns sharply to the southeast, flowing through the Walker River Indian Reservation past Schurz. It almost enters the northern end of Walker Lake, along the east side of the Wassuk Range, approximately 20 mi (32 km) NNW of Hawthorne.
The Walker River's endorheic drainage basin covers an area of 12,800 sq mi (33,000 km2).[7] The U.S. Geological Survey divides the basin into 4 sub-basins:
- West Walker of 992 sq mi (2,570 km2)[7]
- East Walker of 1,080 sq mi (2,800 km2)[7]
- Walker River of 1,010 sq mi (2,600 km2)[7]
- Walker Lake of 835 sq mi (2,160 km2)[7]
Most of the streamflow is consumed by irrigation before reaching Walker Lake. The diversions have caused the level of Walker lake to drop by 140 ft (42 m) between 1882 and 1994. The eastern branch of the river is one of the last natural trout fisheries in California.
Due to a very heavy snowpack in the winter of 1996/1997 and a very warm spring the west fork of the Walker River flooded to unprecedented levels. Much of Highway 395 for the 30 mile span where it shares a canyon with the river was completely washed away.
Ecology
That North American Beaver (Castor canadensis) were once native to the Walker River is evidenced by a 1906 article in the Nevada State Journal newspaper by newspaper mining writer Fitz-James MacCarthy (aka Fitz-Mac) stated that the Mason's Valley of the Walker River in Yerington, Nevada was well known to "the early trappers and fur hunters...Kit Carson knew it to the bone...The beavers of course were all trapped long ago, and you never see an elk nowadays..."[8] Beaver have since re-colonized the Walker River watershed.
See also
References
- ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Walker River
- ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: East Walker River
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Walker River
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
