Heinz Schmidt

Heinz Schmidt
Heinz Schmidt
Nickname(s)	Johnny
Born	(1920-04-20)20 April 1920 Bad Homburg
Died	near Markor, southern Russia
Allegiance	Nazi Germany
Service/branch	Luftwaffe
Years of service	1938–43
Rank	Hauptmann
Unit	JG 52
Commands held	6./JG 52
Battles/wars	World War II Battle of Britain Operation Barbarossa Eastern Front
Awards	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Heinz Schmidt (20 April 1920 – 5 September 1943) was a German former Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves during World War II. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat. He is credited with 173 aerial victories achieved in 712 combat missions and was posthumously promoted to Hauptmann.

Early life and career

Heinz Schmidt was born on 20 April 1920 in Bad Homburg and joined the Luftwaffe on 10 November 1938. After he completed his basic training he was assigned to the 2nd Staffel of the Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Merseburg in July 1940 for final fighter-pilot preparation.

World War II

A month later he was posted to 4./Jagdgeschwader 52 (52nd Fighter Wing) on 12 August 1940. His II Gruppe of JG 52 was, at that time, engaged in the Battle of Britain and under command of the future great fighter leader Johannes 'Macki' Steinhoff. For a short time Schmidt was acting Staffelführer of 5./JG 52 but returned to the 4. Staffel and was promoted to Feldwebel on 1 April 1941.

With no victories by the end of the campaign his unit, along with most others, were re-deployed to the east for the campaign against Russia (Operation Barbarossa). He scored his first victory, against a DB-3 bomber soon after the campaign started, on 26 June 1941. On 12 August 1941, Schmidt crash landed 70 kilometers (43 mi) into enemy territory and spent six hard days evading capture by Russian troops until able to get back to the German lines, and his unit. He was promoted to Oberfeldwebel on 27 August 1941, but this experience hardened his attitude and made him more determined. As the snows started falling in November his score had reached 15 victories.

But it was in the new campaign season of 1942 that his career really took off. Promoted to Leutnant on 1 February 1942, he had a temporary transfer to 5./JG 52 for 2 months as Staffelkapitän. In that time though, he received the Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe on 6 July 1942, and a promotion to Oberleutnant on 1 August 1942. Now involved in the heavy air battles in the advance toward Stalingrad, soon after he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) for 51 aerial victories on 23 August 1942. After a long year to get that far, within only three short weeks and a transfer to the far reaches of the Caucauses ranges, he was able to double his score reaching the magical century-mark on 16 September, for which he was honored with the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross. He was the 21st Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark. His secondment to 5./JG 52 ended on 30 September, and he was sent on a period of extended leave.

Returning in late November he was posted to 6./JG 52, back over Stalingrad, which by this time was now in a desperate defence. Retreating back to Taganrog and Rostov, he scored his 125th victory on 7 January 1943. But in mid-February 1943, with 130victories, he was again shot down behind Russian lines but returned after a two-day trek across the frozen Sea of Azov minus one fur-lined flying boot and with a smashed shoulder.

After a long convalescence, he returned to the Eastern Front on 25 May 1943, now with 146 victories and now commanding 6./JG 52. His parent unit, II./JG 52 was one of the few Luftwaffe fighter units not initially employed over the great battles for Kursk, instead staying in the south based out of Anapa, over the Kuban bridgehead. However, recalled to cover the German retreat to Khar'kov and Poltava, he scored his 150th victory in early August (the 14th pilot to reach that score), and continued with 22 victories in August.

Heinz Schmidt was posted as missing in action after aerial combat near Markor on 5 September 1943. His Messerschmitt Bf 109G6 aircraft 'Yellow 7' (Werknummer 15903—factory number) was possibly shot down in error by Hungarian fighters operating in the same area. Heinz Schmidt is credited with 173 confirmed victories in 712 combat missions. At the time, after the recent death of Max Stotz (189v.) a fortnight earlier in the north, he had become the 3rd highest-scoring ace flying on the Eastern Front (after Walter Nowotny and Günther Rall).

Awards

• Flugzeugführerabzeichen (Pilots Badge)
• Iron Cross (1939)
  • 2nd Class (22 October 1940)
  • 1st Class (9 November 1940)
• Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
  • in Gold (22 August 1941)
  • in Gold with pennant (12 December 1942)
• Honorary Cup of the Luftwaffe (6 July 1942)
• German Cross in Gold on 13 August 1942 as Leutnant in the 4./Jagdgeschwader 52
• Medaille "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42" (30 August 1942)
• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
  • Knight's Cross on 23 August 1942 as Leutnant and pilot in the 6./Jagdgeschwader 52
  • 124th Oak Leaves on 16 September 1942 as Leutnant and pilot in the 6./Jagdgeschwader 52

Dates of rank

1 December 1939:	Gefreiter
1 October 1940:	Obergefreiter
1 December 1940:	Unteroffizier
1 April 1941:	Feldwebel
27 August 1941:	Oberfeldwebel
1 February 1942:	Leutnant
1 August 1942:	Oberleutnant

References

Bibliography

• Bergström, Christer (2007). Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943. Midland Publications ISBN 1-857802-76-4
• Bergström, Christer; Dikov, Andrey; Antipov, Vlad (2006). Black Cross, Red Star Vol 3 Eagle Editions Ltd ISBN 0-9761034-4-3

External links

• incl images from his flight-book

Military offices
Preceded by Oblt Karl Ritzenberger	Squadron Leader of 6./JG 52 25 May 1943 – 5 September 1943	Succeeded by Ltn Helmut Lipfert