Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor
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The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), now properly known as BB2 [1] is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is gastrin releasing peptide.[2] In humans it is highly expressed in the pancreas and is also expressed in the stomach, adrenal cortex and brain.[3]
Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) regulates numerous functions of the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, including release of gastrointestinal hormones, smooth muscle cell contraction, and epithelial cell proliferation and is a potent mitogen for neoplastic tissues. The effects of GRP are mediated through the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor. This receptor is a glycosylated, 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor that activates the phospholipase C signaling pathway. The receptor is aberrantly expressed in numerous cancers such as those of the lung, colon, and prostate. An individual with autism and multiple exostoses was found to have a balanced translocation between chromosome 8 and a chromosome X breakpoint located within the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor gene.[4]
The transcription factor CREB is a regulator of human GRP-R expression in colon cancer.[5]
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />Further reading
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External links
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- IUPHAR GPCR Database - BB2 receptor
- Receptors, Bombesin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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